{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T23:22:20Z","timestamp":1785280940497,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AHA\u201009CRP2251004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AHA\u201009CRP2251004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess epicardial adipose tissue volume (EATV) and its link to coronary atherosclerosis and plaque morphology in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Computed tomography angiography was used to evaluate EATV and coronary plaque in 139 RA patients and 139 non\u2010RA controls. All models assessing the effect of EATV on plaque were adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking status, family history of coronary artery disease, and obesity (body mass index of \u226530 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean \u00b1 SD log\u2010transformed EATV was similar in patients with RA (4.69 \u00b1 0.36) and controls (4.70 \u00b1 0.42). EATV was higher in RA patients with atherosclerosis compared to those without atherosclerosis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.046). In stratified analyses, EATV was associated with the number of segments with plaque in RA patients (rate ratio 1.20 [95% CI 1.01\u20131.41] per 1\u2010SD increment of log\u2010unit increase in EATV) but not in controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> for interaction = 0.089). Likewise, EATV (per 1\u2010SD log\u2010unit increase) was related to the presence of multivessel or obstructive disease (OR 1.63 [95% CI 1.04\u20132.61]), noncalcified plaque (OR 1.78 [95% CI 1.17\u20132.70]), and vulnerable plaque (OR 1.77 [95% CI 1.03\u20133.04]) in RA patients but not in controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> for interaction \u2264 0.048 for each). Among RA patients, EATV was associated with the number of segments with plaque in those with RA for &lt;10 years who did not develop any cardiovascular risk factors and who were not obese (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> for interaction \u2264 0.017).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite similar EATVs in RA patients and controls, EATVs were associated with greater plaque burden and presence of plaques with a noncalcified component and vulnerability features only in RA patients. EAT may be more pathogenic in RA and play a role in early\u2010stage atherosclerosis. Its value as a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk in RA warrants further studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T02:29:53Z","timestamp":1613356193000},"page":"1412-1420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Epicardial Adipose Tissue Volume As a Marker of Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1065-1563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George A.","family":"Karpouzas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harbor\u2010UCLA Medical Center and Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation  Torrance California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panteha","family":"Rezaeian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harbor\u2010UCLA Medical Center and Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation  Torrance California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah R.","family":"Ormseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harbor\u2010UCLA Medical Center and Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation  Torrance California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Hollan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beitost\u00f8len Healthsport Center, Beitost\u00f8len, Norway, and Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Gj\u00f8vik Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Budoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harbor\u2010UCLA Medical Center and Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation  Torrance California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203617"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2010.02260.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000135468.67850.F4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2007.03.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.03.509"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2010.07.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev298"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2016.11.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.36467"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.743062"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn573"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.27358"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.118.008002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2009.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.112.976316"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.01.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-14-1169"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.119.009829"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2015.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.41178"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcct.2017.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcct.2020.06.199"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/782850"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-016-0271-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32833c055a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.52.139"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27629"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2016.05.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27584"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.07.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(90)90282-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcct.2020.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.05.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.12.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2010.12.085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2013.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-1136-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39574"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-010-9625-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2014.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0b013e32836094da"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.01.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19930104"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.41693","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/art.41693","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.41693","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T20:02:40Z","timestamp":1759953760000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.41693"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.41693"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.41693","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2326-5191","2326-5205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2326-5191","type":"print"},{"value":"2326-5205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}