{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:55:50Z","timestamp":1790873750929,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AR074096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR074096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012051","name":"Lupus Research Alliance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>As no gold\u2010standard diagnostic test exists for neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE), we undertook this study to execute a broad screen of NPSLE cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using an aptamer\u2010based platform.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>CSF was obtained from NPSLE patients and subjected to proteomic assay using the aptamer\u2010based screen. Potential biomarkers were identified and validated in independent NPSLE cohorts in comparison to other neurologic diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty proteins out of the 1,129 screened were found to be elevated in NPSLE CSF. Based on enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay validation, CSF levels of angiostatin, \u03b12\u2010macroglobulin, DAN, fibronectin, hepatocellular carcinoma clone 1, IgM, lipocalin 2, macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor (M\u2010CSF), and serine protease inhibitor G1 were significantly elevated in a predominantly White NPSLE cohort (n = 24), compared to patients with other neurologic diseases (n = 54), with CSF IgM (area under the curve [AUC] 0.95) and M\u2010CSF (AUC 0.91) being the most discriminatory proteins. In a second Hong Kong\u2013based NPSLE cohort, CSF IgM (AUC 0.78) and lipocalin 2 (AUC 0.85) were the most discriminatory proteins. Several CSF proteins exhibited high diagnostic specificity for NPSLE in both cohorts. Elevated CSF complement C3 was associated with an acute confusional state. Eleven molecules elevated in NPSLE CSF exhibited concordant elevation in the choroid plexus, suggesting shared origins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lipocalin 2, M\u2010CSF, IgM, and complement C3 emerge as promising CSF biomarkers of NPSLE with diagnostic potential.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T05:28:52Z","timestamp":1643606932000},"page":"1223-1234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["<scp>Aptamer\u2010Based<\/scp> Screen of Neuropsychiatric Lupus Cerebrospinal Fluid Reveals Potential Biomarkers That Overlap With the Choroid Plexus Transcriptome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Kamala","family":"Vanarsa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashanth","family":"Sasidharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Duran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirisha","family":"Gokaraju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9823-8380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malavika","family":"Nidhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anto Sam Crosslee Louis Sam","family":"Titus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanam","family":"Soomro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariel D.","family":"Stock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"Der","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaim","family":"Putterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3696-1228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi Chiu","family":"Mok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuen Mun Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1029-9483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John G.","family":"Hanly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center and Dalhousie University Halifax  Nova Scotia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandra","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40591"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.3.496"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.106351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-018-0156-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000058904.94330.A7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-009-1123-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.124002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)80135-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198707303170503"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"2093","article-title":"The pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: a disease in search of autoantibodies, or autoantibodies in search of a disease?","volume":"31","author":"Sen\u00e9cal J","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15986-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"SomaLogic.SOMAscan proteomic assay technical white paper.2015 p.1\u201314."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"1553","article-title":"Anti\u2010NR2 glutamate receptor antibodies and cognitive function in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"33","author":"Hanly JG","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-015-0423-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2016.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.124203"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000573"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182647"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2016.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.48.8.807"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2184"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23399"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14397595.2015.1123345"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-017-0487-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1986.tb07868.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.120196"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000012570"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1556-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2017-0120"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20170096"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-181942"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S181223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1701573"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/1354750X.2015.1123354"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.3RU0316-144R"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11053-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X17694185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006642"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00499"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.10.5296"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156720510791383813"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2017.1325884"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203316643170"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kew341"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186414"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-012-0797-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1984.tb07777.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bionps.2019.100007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2019.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2017.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22863"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3653-2"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.42080","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/art.42080","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.42080","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T14:33:28Z","timestamp":1759934008000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.42080"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.42080"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.42080","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2326-5191","2326-5205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2326-5191","type":"print"},{"value":"2326-5205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}