{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T23:38:23Z","timestamp":1790293103662,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006955","name":"Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P41\u2010GM\u2010104603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P41\u2010GM\u2010104603"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006955","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006955","name":"Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1\u2010AI\u2010101175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1\u2010AI\u2010101175"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006955","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006955","name":"Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1\u2010AI\u2010144365"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1\u2010AI\u2010144365"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006955","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Terminal glycans on the Fc portion of IgG antibodies are critical for antibody\u2010triggered, proinflammatory or antiinflammatory responses. We undertook this study to compare glycan profiles of total IgG1 and <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> (Bb)\u2013specific IgG1 antibodies in patients with oral antibiotic\u2013responsive or antibiotic\u2010refractory Lyme arthritis (LA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following affinity\u2010column processing, glycan profiles of IgG antibodies were determined in serum and synovial fluid (SF) samples of 21 LA patients using glycoblotting with hydrazide glycan enrichment and determination of glycan structure by matrix\u2010assisted laser desorption ionization\u2013time\u2010of\u2010flight mass spectrometry. Correlations between glycan profiles and treatment outcomes were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with patients with antibiotic\u2010refractory LA, those with antibiotic\u2010responsive LA had total and Bb\u2010specific IgG1 antibody glycans with less intense inflammatory profiles, containing lower percentages of <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and bisecting GlcNAc and higher percentages of galactose and fucose. In contrast, patients with antibiotic\u2010refractory LA prior to receiving IV antibiotic therapy had total IgG1 and Bb IgG1 antibodies with maximal, minimally opposed, proinflammatory glycan profiles, containing high percentages of GlcNAc and bisecting GlcNAc, intermediate percentages with galactose and fucose, and low percentages with <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid). Patients with refractory LA who were first seen with synovitis after receiving IV antibiotic therapy still had Bb IgG1 antibodies with strongly inflammatory glycan profiles, but their inflammatory potential appeared to be waning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with oral antibiotic\u2013responsive LA had Bb IgG1 antibodies with more balanced proinflammatory\/antiinflammatory glycan profiles, whereas patients with antibiotic\u2010refractory LA had Bb IgG1 antibodies with maximal, minimally opposed, proinflammatory glycan profiles. Among patients with antibiotic\u2010refractory LA, antibodies with this unbalanced inflammatory glycan profile may have a role in sustaining maladaptive joint inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T11:59:36Z","timestamp":1675079976000},"page":"1263-1274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Heightened Proinflammatory Glycosylation of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/i> IgG Antibodies in Synovial Fluid in Patients With Antibiotic\u2010Refractory Lyme Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Jurgen T.","family":"Sanes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine E.","family":"Costello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5268-9853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allen C.","family":"Steere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"IgG Fc glycosylation in human immunity [review]","volume":"423","author":"Wang TT","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.RA118.001185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2020.100891"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10134"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/316452a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-8411(89)90148-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0395-237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-215698"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0761-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI65708"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2311-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abf8654"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0221397"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-107-5-725"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22131"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2022.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00648-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","article-title":"Robust interferon signature and suppressed tissue repair gene expression in synovial tissue from patients with postinfectious","volume":"21","author":"Lochhead RB","year":"2019","journal-title":"Borrelia burgdorferi\u2010induced Lyme arthritis. 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