{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T22:15:51Z","timestamp":1762640151733,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010AR\u2010073324","T32\u2010AR\u2010064194"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010AR\u2010073324","T32\u2010AR\u2010064194"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019158","name":"FER","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019158","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016580","name":"Kennedy Trust for Rheumatology Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KENN 19 20 06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KENN 19 20 06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016580","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008792","name":"Novartis Pharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008648","name":"Pfizer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008648","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oxylipins are bioactive lipids derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that modulate inflammation and may remain overexpressed in refractory synovitis. In plasma, they could also be biomarkers of synovial pathology. The aim of this study is to determine if synovial oxylipins in inflamed joints correlate with plasma oxylipins and with synovial histologic patterns.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with established rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis with active disease despite treatment were recruited, and paired synovial tissue (ST) and plasma were collected. Oxylipins were determined by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and were classified into groups according to their PUFA precursor and enzyme. The expression of CD20, CD68, CD3, and CD138 was obtained to describe synovial histology. Cell\u2010specific expression of oxylipin\u2010related genes was identified by examining available synovial single\u2010cell RNA sequencing data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included a total of 32 ST and 26 paired\u2010plasma samples. A total of 71 oxylipins were identified in ST, but only 24 were identified in plasma. Only levels of 9,10\u2010dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid and tetranor\u2010Prostaglandin FM\u00a0had a significant positive correlation between plasma and ST. Several oxylipins and oxylipin\u2010related genes were differentially expressed among synovial phenotypes. Specifically, several 5\u2010lipoxygenase (LOX)\u2013derived oxylipins were statistically elevated in the lympho\u2010myeloid phenotype and associated with B cell expression in rheumatoid arthritis samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The lack of correlation between ST and plasma oxylipins suggests that ST lipid profiling better characterizes active pathways in treated joints. Synovial 5\u2010LOX\u2013derived oxylipins were highly expressed in lympho\u2010myeloid\u2013enriched synovium. Combination therapy with 5\u2010LOX inhibitors to improve refractory inflammation may be needed in patients with this histologic group.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/art42848-toc-0001-m.png\"><jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T22:04:13Z","timestamp":1710972253000},"page":"1230-1242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Synovial 5\u2010Lipoxygenase\u2013Derived Oxylipins Define a Lympho\u2010Myeloid\u2013Enriched 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