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We reviewed the current published literature on climate change\u2013related effects and rheumatic conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To summarize our current understanding of the likely effects of climate change, including increased air pollution, on rheumatic disease, we searched the published, peer\u2010reviewed English\u2010language literature from January 2000 to December 2022. Articles were reviewed by a team of rheumatologists and clinical and translational science researchers. Systematic review articles were not included but informed additional literature searches.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After extensive examination and adjudication, 88 articles met inclusion criteria and were selected for review. Much of the epidemiologic investigations assessed associations between air pollution and increased risk of development of rheumatoid arthritis, anti\u2013citrullinated protein antibodies, flares of gout, and hospitalizations for systemic lupus erythematosus. Increased heat vulnerability was associated with higher odds of recurrent hospitalizations across rheumatic conditions. Mechanisms for observed associations are poorly understood but could include the effects of epigenetic changes, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines. Studies had limitations, including restricted geography and populations studied without focus on historically marginalized communities at highest risk for adverse effects from pollution and climate change, the relative lack of mechanistic evaluations, and most with only indirect links to climate change.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>To date, the published literature lacks studies that directly examine effects of climate change on rheumatic diseases. Collaborative translational and epidemiologic research is needed to enhance our understanding and awareness in this area.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T01:28:05Z","timestamp":1715822885000},"page":"1459-1466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["American College of Rheumatology White Paper: The Effects of Climate Change on Rheumatic Conditions\u2014An Evolving Landscape and a Path Forward"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0237-739X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul F.","family":"Dellaripa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lily H.","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan  Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul A.","family":"Bain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6017-4921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Lanata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Human Genome Research Institution, NIH  Bethesda Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashira","family":"Blazer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland Baltimore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2831-9593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederick W.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH  Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4980-9770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Candace H.","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the American College of Rheumatology Committee on Research","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"What is climate change? 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