{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T05:54:35Z","timestamp":1793858075809,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YCJJ20230228"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YCJJ20230228"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are few existing studies that investigate the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated with long\u2010term exposure to air pollutants. This study aimed to explore associations between long\u2010term exposure to air pollutants and incident SLE and further evaluate interactions and joint effects of genetic risk and air pollutants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 459,815 participants were included from UK Biobank. The concentrations of air pollutants (fine particulate matter with diameter \u22642.5 \u03bcm [PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>], particulate matter diameter \u226410 \u03bcm [PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>], nitrogen dioxide [NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>], and nitrogen oxides [NO<jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>]) were estimated by land\u2010use regression model. We applied Cox proportional hazards model to explore linkages of air pollutants and incident SLE. The polygenic risk score (PRS) was used for further assessing the interactions and joint effects of genetic risk and air pollutants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 399 patients with SLE were identified during a median follow\u2010up of 11.77 years. There were positive associations between air pollutant exposure and incident SLE, as the adjusted hazard ratios were 1.18 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.06\u20131.32), 1.23 (1.10\u20131.39), 1.27 (1.14\u20131.41), and 1.13 (1.03\u20131.23) for each interquartile range increase in PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>, PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>, NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and NO<jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>, respectively. Moreover, participants with high genetic risk and high air pollution exposure had the highest risk of incident SLE compared with those with low genetic risk and low air pollution exposure (adjusted hazard ratio: PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>, 4.16 [95% CI 2.67\u20136.49]; PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>, 5.31 [95% CI 3.30,\u20138.55]; NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, 5.61 [95% CI 3.45\u20139.13]; and NO<jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>, 4.80 [95% CI 3.00\u20137.66]). There was a significant multiplicative interaction between NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and PRS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long\u2010term exposure to air pollutants (PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>, PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>, NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and NO<jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>) may increase the risk of developing SLE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T03:02:46Z","timestamp":1720580566000},"page":"1530-1537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Air Pollution, Genetic Susceptibility, and Risk of Incident Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9797-169X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meiqi","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yudiyang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feipeng","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dankang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linxi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, and Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease  Yichang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaohua","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huazhong University of 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