{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T15:40:15Z","timestamp":1776440415245,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19ek0410047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19ek0410047"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aim to investigate transcriptomic and immunophenotypic features of muscle specimens from patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bulk RNA\u2010sequencing was performed on muscle biopsy samples from 16 patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and 9 patients with polymyositis (PM). Seven tested positive for anti\u2010aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetase antibodies in the patients with DM (ARS\u2010DM). We conducted weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, and gene set variation analysis to assess contributions of specific pathways. Cell proportions in muscle specimens were estimated using a deconvolution approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>WGCNA revealed significant positive correlations between serum creatine kinase (CK) levels and gene modules involved in cellular respiration, phagocytosis, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Significant positive correlations were also observed between CK levels and proportions of CD16\u2010positive and negative monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells. Notably, patients with DM demonstrated enrichment of complement and interferon\u2010\u03b1 and \u03b3 pathway genes compared with those with PM. Furthermore, ARS\u2010DM demonstrated a higher proportion of Th1 cells and DEGs related to OXPHOS. Additionally, serum Krebs von den Lungen\u20106 levels correlated with gene modules associated with extracellular matrix and the transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 signaling pathway.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study highlights a significant involvement of monocytes in muscle damage and delineates pathologic differences among IIM subtypes. DM was characterized by complement and interferon\u2010\u03b1 and \u03b3 signaling, whereas ARS\u2010DM was associated with OXPHOS. Distinctive gene expression variations in muscle specimens suggest that different pathologic mechanisms underlie muscle damage in each IIM phenotype.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/art42972-toc-0001-m.png\"><jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T06:04:16Z","timestamp":1724133856000},"page":"99-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Muscle Tissue Transcriptome of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy Reflects the Muscle Damage Process by Monocytes and Presence of Skin Lesions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9724-4911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinji","family":"Izuka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natsuka","family":"Umezawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Komai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Sugimori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fumitaka","family":"Mizoguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4705-341X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuichiro","family":"Fujieda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine Hokkaido University  Sapporo 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