{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:16:54Z","timestamp":1791911814898,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to investigate the impact of nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drug (NSAID) intake on radiographic spinal progression in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), considering different NSAID types (COX\u20102 inhibitors [COX2i] and nonselective NSAIDs [ns\u2010NSAIDs]) and disease subgroups (radiographic [r\u2010axSpA] and nonradiographic [nr\u2010axSpA]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Leveraging data from the German Spondyloarthritis Inception Cohort (GESPIC), we conducted analyses on 252 patients with axSpA (139 with nr\u2010axSpA and 113 with r\u2010axSpA), who had minimum two sets of spinal radiographs. The outcome was progression in modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS) in two\u2010year intervals. We fitted sequential conditional mean models by using generalized estimating equations and adjusting for longitudinal repeated measures of exposure and time\u2010dependent confounders. We report \u03b2\u2010coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for outcomes reflecting the progression in mSASSS per 10\u2010point increase in NSAID intake score.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At baseline, 201 (80.0%) patients were under NSAID treatment, with 46 (18%) taking COX2i and 156 (62%) taking ns\u2010NSAIDs, and mean total NSAID intake score was 38.3\u2009\u00b1\u200935.5. A 10\u2010point increase in NSAID intake score was associated with retardation of radiographic progression (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.052, 95% CI: \u22120.097 to \u22120.007), with this effect being most pronounced in patients with r\u2010axSpA (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.077, 95% CI: \u22120.152 to \u22120.003). COX2i showed a slightly lower point estimate (although not statistically significant) in progression compared to ns\u2010NSAIDs among all patients with axSpA (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.061 and \u22120.045, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest a beneficial effect of higher NSAID intake, particularly COX2i, on slowing radiographic progression in axSpA. These findings may help inform therapeutic strategies, particularly in r\u2010axSpA, although further research is needed for nr\u2010axSpA.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/art43447-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.43447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T05:29:22Z","timestamp":1764307762000},"page":"582-591","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Impact of Nonsteroidal Anti\u2010Inflammatory Drugs on Radiographic Spinal Progression in Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis: 10\u2010Year Results From an Inception Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4600-9484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"Torgutalp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology (including Nutrition Medicine), Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Public Health, Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5612-043X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Rios Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology (including Nutrition Medicine), Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4306-033X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Proft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology (including Nutrition Medicine), Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikhail","family":"Protopopov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology (including Nutrition Medicine), Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7442-2570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith","family":"Rademacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology (including Nutrition Medicine), Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health, Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin 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