{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:51:12Z","timestamp":1792457472742,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The treatment landscape for systemic sclerosis\u2010associated interstitial lung disease (SSc\u2010ILD) has evolved with increasingly available immunosuppressive therapies (ISTs) and antifibrotic treatments. However, their real\u2010world use remains unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze treatment trends and the effect of IST and antifibrotic treatments on ILD progression using the European Scleroderma Trials and Research database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included patients with SSc\u2010ILD meeting the 2013 American College of Rheumatology\/EULAR criteria with high\u2010resolution computed tomography\u2013confirmed ILD, pulmonary function, and therapy data, grouped into four time periods (\u22642006, 2007\u20132011, 2012\u20132016, and \u22652017). We analyzed IST initiation, switching, discontinuation, and combination therapy. ILD progression was defined as a decline in the percentage of predicted forced vital capacity of 5% or greater or the percentage of predicted diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide of 10% or greater over 12\u2009\u00b1\u20093 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 1,409 patients, IST use at first evaluation increased significantly from 13.6% (\u22642006) to 57.4% (\u22652017) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Mycophenolate mofetil emerged as the most prescribed IST (7% to 57%) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Combination therapy rose from 17.9% to 26.9% (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), whereas ILD progression rates declined from 21.3% (2007\u20132011) to 12.1% (\u22652017) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In the 2017 and later cohort, logistic regression showed shorter disease duration (odds ratio [OR] 0.991, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.987\u20130.996;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and myositis (OR 9.9, 95% CI 1.94\u201351.76;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.006) were associated with therapy initiation, whereas switching was higher in patients with a higher modified Rodnan skin score (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00\u20131.06;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.035) and in patients with arthritis (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.55\u20135.94;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.001). Last, combination therapy was associated with younger age, higher dyspnea class, and arthritis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings reveal a significant evolution in clinical practice. However, continued disease progression emphasizes the need for more effective therapeutic approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/art70043-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.70043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T10:16:46Z","timestamp":1769077006000},"page":"1755-1764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Impact of Evolving Treatment Patterns on Interstitial Lung Disease Progression in Systemic Sclerosis Using the European Scleroderma Trials and Research Database"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6806-3794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corrado","family":"Campochiaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Inflammation, Fibrosis and Ageing Initiative, Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Healthcare San Raffaele Hospital Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie\u2010Elise","family":"Truchetet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology University of Bordeaux  Bordeaux France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2266-9907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madelon","family":"Vonk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5306-7714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"De Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Inflammation, Fibrosis and Ageing Initiative, Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Healthcare San Raffaele Hospital Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Cuomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology University of Naples Federico II  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia P.","family":"Ananieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V.A. Nasanova Institute of Rheumatology  Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Hachulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Referral Centre for Rare Systemic Autoimmune Diseases North of France, North\u2010West, Mediterranean and Guadeloupe, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille University of Lille, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research  Lille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Ghent University Hospital  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Gheorghiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Bucharest University Emergency Hospital  Bucharest 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Angeles"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Ortiz\u2010Santamaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit Vall d'Hebron University Hospital  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Del Galdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust  Leeds United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Matucci\u2010Cerinic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Inflammation, Fibrosis and Ageing Initiative, Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Healthcare San Raffaele Hospital Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University  Milan 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