{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:30:41Z","timestamp":1792798241321,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000900","name":"California Institute for Regenerative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EDUC4\u201012751"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EDUC4\u201012751"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000900","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020180","name":"Japanese Society of Allergology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020180","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005865","name":"Mochida Memorial Foundation for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI154964"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI154964"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR066053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR066053"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HL170963"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL170963"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HL174973"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL174973"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp;amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Little is known about the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis\u2013related interstitial lung disease (RA\u2010ILD). This study aimed to clarify the cellular and transcriptomic landscape of epithelial and immune cells in RA\u2010ILD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed single\u2010cell RNA sequencing on fluorescence\u2010activated cell sorted epithelial cells and immune cells from lung explants of four controls, three patients with non\u2010RA connective tissue disease (CTD)\u2010ILD, and five patients with RA\u2010ILD. For T cell subclusters, we performed an integrative analysis with publicly available synovial T cell data. We performed immunofluorescence staining on lung sections from four controls, nine patients with RA\u2010ILD, eight patients with non\u2010RA CTD\u2010ILD, and six patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We profiled 184,814 cells in total and identified 18 distinct cell clusters. We found fewer alveolar type II cells with reciprocally higher frequencies of other epithelial cell types (basal cells and ciliated cells) and fewer FCN1\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD14\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      monocytes in RA\u2010ILD lungs. In T cell subset analysis, peripheral helper T (Tph) cells were exclusively observed in RA\u2010ILD lungs. Compared with synovial Tph cells, lung Tph cells had elevated expression profiles of activation and lower cytotoxic and exhausted signatures. From gene ontology analysis, genes associated with the small GTPase\u2010mediated signal transduction were enriched in lung Tph cells. On confirmatory immunofluorescence staining, Tph cells were specifically present in RA\u2010ILD lungs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report a detailed transcriptomic analysis of the epithelial and immune cells in RA\u2010ILD lungs and include a cross\u2010tissue comparison that demonstrates organ\u2010specific variations in the characteristics of Tph cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.70066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T03:05:26Z","timestamp":1770087926000},"page":"1210-1218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Single\u2010Cell Analysis Reveals Peripheral Helper T Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis\u2013Related Interstitial Lung Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3107-788X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kensuke","family":"Suga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kao Autoimmunity Institute, Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California"},{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amara","family":"Seng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kao Autoimmunity Institute, Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California"},{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changfu","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California"},{"name":"Women's Guild Lung Institute, Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanyalak","family":"Parimon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California"},{"name":"Women's Guild Lung Institute, Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anvita","family":"Singaraju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kao Autoimmunity Institute, Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California"},{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles 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