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We applied a random forest approach to create a full 48\u2010cytokine model and a subsequent collapsed model based on variable importance by the mean decrease in the Gini index. The model was internally validated using a train\u2010test split of the data from which we generated receiver operating characteristic\u00a0curves and calculated sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 48\u2010cytokine model achieved an area under the curve of 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62\u20131.00). Monokine induced by gamma interferon was the most important cytokine associated with SSc\u2010PH by Gini index. Using the elbow method, a collapsed model was achieved using six cytokines (monokine induced by gamma interferon, interleukin\u20108, macrophage inflammatory protein\u20101\u03b2, interleukin\u201015, interleukin\u20107, and macrophage\u2010derived chemokine) that yielded an area under the curve of 0.83 (95% CI 0.72\u20131.00) with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 0.14 (95% CI 0.00\u20130.58), 0.96 (95% CI 0.80\u20131.00), and 0.78 (95% CI 0.60\u20130.91), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a single\u2010center SSc cohort that reflects real\u2010world heterogeneity, we generated a highly specific cytokine profile for SSc\u2010PH through a random forest approach. Future work will need to externally validate the cytokine profile through prospective cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.70222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T13:10:31Z","timestamp":1778505031000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cytokine Profiling of Systemic Sclerosis\u2013Related Pulmonary Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4745-3766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin K.","family":"Lui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pulmonary Center, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rutvi","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Rheumatology Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine MetroWest Medical Center  Framingham Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haile L.","family":"Luong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Instrumentation Core Boston University Medical Campus  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Au","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Instrumentation Core Boston University Medical Campus  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"El\u2010Adili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Rheumatology Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Chamis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Rheumatology Boston 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