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In this retrospective study, remediation rates and trends in an undergraduate anatomy course with over 400 students enrolled each semester at a large Midwestern university were identified. Demographic data was collected from spring 2004 to spring 2010, including students\u2019 age, ethnicity, major of study, class standing, college admission tests (ACT and SAT\u00ae) scores, anatomy laboratory and lecture examination scores, and final anatomy grades for each semester. Eleven percent of the students repeated the course at least once. Gender, ethnicity, major of study and SAT scores were all shown to be associated with whether or not a student would need to repeat the course. On average, students who repeated anatomy demonstrated significant improvements in lecture and laboratory scores when comparing first and second enrollments in anatomy, and therefore also saw improved final course grades in their second enrollment. These findings will aid future instructors to identify and assist at\u2010risk students to succeed in anatomy. Instructors from other institutions may also find the results to be useful for identifying students at risk for struggling. Anat Sci Educ 9: 171\u2013178. \u00a9 2015 American Association of Anatomists.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.1553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T12:08:58Z","timestamp":1436875738000},"page":"171-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Who is repeating anatomy? 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