{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:33:33Z","timestamp":1790904813213,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000991","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000991","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anatomical Sciences Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>While it is broadly accepted that body donation for anatomical education should rely on informed consent, consent processes vary substantially. Best practice guidelines for body donation are typically published by anatomical societies and may not reflect details valued by prospective donors or the educators and students who utilize donor bodies for teaching and learning. As an initial step to designing a consent process for a proposed body donor program at Monash University in Australia, this study brought together prospective body donors, students, and educators to explore their perspectives on donor consent. This study utilized co\u2010design methodology, a form of participatory action research that values and includes diverse stakeholders to understand phenomena and inform change. The 22 study participants comprised 7 prospective donors who expressed interest in a future body donor program at Monash University, 9 students, 3 educators, and 3 participants who identified as educators and prospective body donors. Data were collected through 4 mixed stakeholder focus groups and were analyzed using thematic analysis. Four themes were developed: (1) Ethical and legal consent foundations, (2) Informed consent, (3) Individualized consent, and (4) Future\u2010focused consent. While some findings support existing consent guidelines (e.g. informed consent requiring information adequacy), other findings highlight how consent processes could be expanded to incorporate community values. For instance, consent processes could include discussions between students and prospective donors and ensure that communication with prospective donors continues over time. Critically, consent processes should recognize that \u201ceverybody's different\u201d and aim for inclusivity of diverse donor preferences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.70060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T00:28:38Z","timestamp":1748824118000},"page":"201-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["\u201cBecause everybody's different\u201d: Co\u2010designing body donor program consent processes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9695-7592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgina C.","family":"Stephens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Human Anatomy Education Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000002227"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22651"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute.Informed consent.2011. Available from:https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/publications\/dictionaries\/cancer\u2010terms\/def\/informed\u2010consent"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.1649"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"International Federation of Associations of Anatomists.Update to world map of body acquisition.2024. Available from:https:\/\/ifaa.net\/committees\/ethics\u2010and\u2010medical\u2010humanities\u2010ficem\/update\u2010to\u2010world\u2010map\u2010of\u2010body\u2010acquisition\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"International Federation of Associations of Anatomists.Recommendations of good practice for the donation and study of human bodies and tissues for anatomical examination.2012. Available from:https:\/\/ifaa.net\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/IFAA\u2010guidelines\u2010220811.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"Human Tissue Act (UK)2004. Available from:https:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/2004\/30\/contents"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"Uniform Anatomical Gift Act (United States).2006. Available from:https:\/\/www.uniformlaws.org\/viewdocument\/final\u2010act\u201019?CommunityKey=015e18ad\u20104806\u20104dff\u2010b011\u20108e1ebc0d1d0f&tab=librarydocuments"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2023.152195"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"Human Tissue Act (New Zealand)2009. Available from:https:\/\/www.health.govt.nz\/regulation\u2010legislation\/human\u2010tissue#:~:text=The%20Human%20Tissue%20Act%202008 human%20tissue%20collection%20and%20use"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.2263"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"Human Tissue Act (VIC Australia)1982. Available from:https:\/\/www.legislation.vic.gov.au\/in\u2010force\/acts\/human\u2010tissue\u2010act\u20101982\/045"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","volume-title":"Best practices guide for donation programs","author":"AACA","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.2520"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23780"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.2410"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.1877"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.2412"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.14411"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.14817"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2022.105616"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07294360.2024.2410269"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/california\/9780520207950.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2022.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tct.70039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.12474"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394322213.ch8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/0142159X.2014.917165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","unstructured":"The University of Melbourne.Body donor program.2022. Available from:https:\/\/biomedicalsciences.unimelb.edu.au\/departments\/anatomy\u2010and\u2010physiology\/engage\/body\u2010donor\u2010program"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","unstructured":"NSW Health.2024. Available from:https:\/\/www.health.nsw.gov.au\/humantissue\/Pages\/anatomy\u2010public.aspx"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","unstructured":"Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute.2024. Available from:https:\/\/www.monash.edu\/discovery\u2010institute\/chae\/services\u2010and\u2010facilities\/body\u2010donations"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.2425"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315617444"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69909-7_3470-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","article-title":"Co\u2010designing body donation consent processes","volume":"57","author":"Stephens GC","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anat Cell Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.2504"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","article-title":"More than body parts: a new ethos of anatomy education","author":"Hildebrandt S","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.1922"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","unstructured":"Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care.Modernising our human tissues laws.2024. Available from:https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/ministers\/the\u2010hon\u2010ged\u2010kearney\u2010mp\/media\/modernising\u2010our\u2010human\u2010tissues\u2010laws"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.1413"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/48q3x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4066\/AMJ.2015.2567"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.10848"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.2431"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b5001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7480.1455"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.1618"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910\u2010023\u201000988\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.2335"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","unstructured":"RoperC GreyF GreyE.Co\u2010production: putting principles into practice in mental health contexts.2018. Available from:https:\/\/healthsciences.unimelb.edu.au\/__data\/assets\/pdf_file\/0007\/3392215\/Coproduction_putting\u2010principles\u2010into\u2010practice.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","volume-title":"Culture's consequences: comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations","author":"Hofstede G","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.b.20036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.21215"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2010.02.002"}],"container-title":["Anatomical Sciences Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ase.70060","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ase.70060","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ase.70060","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T04:56:22Z","timestamp":1773032182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ase.70060"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ase.70060"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ase.70060","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-9772","1935-9780"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-9772","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-9780","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}