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These can be utilized to initiate any kind of radical chain reaction by transforming substrates into the desired radical intermediates. Azo initiators, peroxides, nitroxides, trialkylboranes, dialkyl zinc compounds, and type\u2005I photoinitiators are discussed, as well as methods of redox\u2010 and sonochemical initiation. Methods of direct radical formation from the substrates, such as photoredox catalysis or high\u2010energy irradiation, are not included. The focus of this review lies on rather \u201clow\u201d temperatures in the range of 50\u2009\u00b0C down to \u221278\u2009\u00b0C, which can be useful to achieve more selective reactions. Illustrative applications of such radical chain initiators in a variety of reactions are discussed, including stereoselective ones and polymerizations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/asia.201801636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,26]],"date-time":"2018-11-26T11:04:11Z","timestamp":1543230251000},"page":"105-115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Molecular Radical Chain Initiators for Ambient\u2010 to Low\u2010Temperature Applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Sz\u00e9kely","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institut f\u00fcr Kohlenforschung  Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 2 45470 M\u00fclheim an der Ruhr Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9026-205X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Klussmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institut f\u00fcr Kohlenforschung  Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 2 45470 M\u00fclheim an der Ruhr Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.orglett.7b00531"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","unstructured":"R. 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