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Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD are necessary. Currently, liver biopsy, as the gold standard for clinical diagnosis of NAFLD, is not widely accepted by patients due to its invasiveness. However, other non\u2010invasive methods that had been reported for NAFLD (such as magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and ultrasound) still suffer from low resolution and sensitivity, which are available as a guide for liver biopsy sometimes. As a non\u2010invasive modality with high spatiotemporal resolution and superior sensitivity, optical imaging methods have been widely favored in recent years, mainly including fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, and bioluminescence imaging. With these optical imaging approaches, a series of optical probes based on optical and molecular\u2010specific design have been developed for the biomarker diagnosis and research of diseases. In this review, we summarize the existing non\u2010invasive optical imaging probes for the detection of biomarkers in NAFLD, including microenvironment (viscosity, polarity), ROS, RSS, ions, proteins, and nucleic acids. Design strategies for optical imaging probes and their applications in NAFLD bioimaging are discussed and focused on. We also highlight the potential challenges and prospects of designing new generations of optical imaging probes in NAFLD studies, which will further enhance the diversity, practicality, and clinical feasibility of NAFLD research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/asia.202200320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T10:20:20Z","timestamp":1649931620000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Advances in Optical Imaging of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chemo\/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University  410082 Changsha P.\u2005R. 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