{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:15:19Z","timestamp":1791220519765,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aces.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry \u0097 An Asian Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Herein, we report an ion\u2010tolerant supramolecular hydrogel formed from a pyrene\u2010conjugated amino acid in an electrolytic (saline) aqueous medium with a minimum gelator concentration of 1.8\u00a0mM. The hydrogel exhibits thermoreversible and thixotropic behavior, undergoing reversible gel\u2013sol transitions in response to thermal and mechanical stimuli. Spectroscopic and microscopic studies reveal that cooperative \u03c0\u2013\u03c0 stacking of pyrene units and directional hydrogen\u2010bonding interactions from the amino acid backbone drive the self\u2010assembly process. UV\u2013visible and fluorescence analyses confirm the formation of J\u2010type aggregates, while AFM demonstrates a concentration\u2010dependent transition from spherical aggregates to an interconnected fibrous network. Circular dichroism spectroscopy indicates efficient transfer of supramolecular chirality, leading to left\u2010handed helical assemblies that are disrupted at elevated temperatures. X\u2010ray diffraction reveals an ordered lamellar packing with a characteristic \u03c0\u2013\u03c0 stacking distance of \u223c0.38\u00a0nm. Rheological investigations confirm the viscoelastic and thixotropic nature of the hydrogel. Importantly, the hydrogel exhibits good biocompatibility and effective antibacterial and antifungal activity, highlighting its potential as an injectable, ion\u2010resilient soft material for antimicrobial applications, localized drug delivery, and tissue engineering under physiological saline conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/asia.70608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T12:03:00Z","timestamp":1770206580000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ion\u2010Tolerant, Injectable, and Biocompatible Pyrene\u2013Amino Acid Supramolecular Hydrogels for Antimicrobial Applications in Saline Media"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Dipen","family":"Biswakarma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry School of Engineering Dayananda Sagar University  Ramanagara Karnataka 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