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Additionally, previous research from this lab has revealed significantly fewer auditory brain stem neurons in autistic subjects as young as 2 years of age. These observations have led us to hypothesize that objective, noninvasive measures of auditory function can be used as an early screening tool to identify neonates with an elevated risk of carrying a diagnosis of autism. Here, we provide a detailed quantitative investigation of the acoustic stapedial reflex (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASR<\/jats:styled-content>), a three\u2010 or four\u2010neuron brain stem circuit, in young autistic subjects and normal developing controls. Indeed, we find significantly lower thresholds, responses occurring at significantly longer latency and right\u2013left asymmetry in autistic subjects. The results from this investigation support deficits in auditory function as a cardinal feature of autism and suggest that individuals with autism can be identified by their <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASR<\/jats:styled-content> responses. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Autism Res<\/jats:bold> 2013, \u25cf\u25cf: \u25cf\u25cf\u2013\u25cf\u25cf.<\/jats:italic> \u00a9 2013 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,3]],"date-time":"2013-07-03T22:26:57Z","timestamp":1372890417000},"page":"344-353","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Quantification of the Stapedial Reflex Reveals Delayed Responses in Autism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Richard","family":"Lukose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center\u2014Hamot  Erie 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