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The degree to which patients display these behaviors varies considerably and is influenced by family history, suggesting that genetic modifiers play a role in the expression of behaviors in FXS. Several studies have examined behavior in a mouse model of FXS in which the <jats:italic>Fmr1<\/jats:italic> gene has been ablated. Most of those studies were done in <jats:italic>Fmr1<\/jats:italic> knockout mice on a pure C57BL\/6 or FVB strain background. To gain a better understanding of the effects of genetic background on behaviors resulting from the loss of <jats:italic>Fmr1<\/jats:italic> gene expression, we generated F1 hybrid lines from female <jats:italic>Fmr1<\/jats:italic> heterozygous mice on a pure C57BL\/6J background bred with male <jats:italic>Fmr1<\/jats:italic> wild\u2010type (WT) mice of various background strains (A\/J, DBA\/2J, FVB\/NJ, 129S1\/SvImJ and CD\u20101). Male <jats:italic>Fmr1<\/jats:italic> knockout and WT littermates from each line were examined in an extensive behavioral test battery. Results clearly indicate that multiple behavioral responses are dependent on genetic background, including autistic\u2010like traits that are present on limited genetic backgrounds. This approach has allowed us to identify improved models for different behavioral symptoms present in FXS including autistic\u2010like traits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,25]],"date-time":"2011-01-25T16:20:25Z","timestamp":1295972425000},"page":"40-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":200,"title":["Modifying behavioral phenotypes in <i>Fmr1<\/i>KO mice: genetic background differences reveal autistic\u2010like responses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Corinne M.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Alekseyenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon M.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexia 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