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Here we performed a scoping review of all research on ASD ever published in sub\u2010Saharan Africa (SSA) in order to identify ASD knowledge gaps in this part of the world. Fifty\u2010three publications met inclusion criteria. Themes included the phenotype, genetics and risk factors for ASD in SSA, screening and diagnosis, professional knowledge, interventions for ASD, parental perceptions, and social\u2010cognitive neuroscience. No epidemiological, early intervention, school\u2010based or adult studies were identified. For each identified theme, we aimed to summarize results and make recommendations to fill the knowledge gaps. The quality of study methodologies was generally not high. Few studies used standardized diagnostic instruments, and intervention studies were typically small\u2010scale. Overall, findings suggest a substantial need for large\u2010scale clinical, training, and research programmes to improve the lives of people who live with ASD in SSA. However, SSA also has the potential to make unique and globally\u2010significant contributions to the etiology and treatments of ASD through implementation, interventional, and comparative genomic science.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Autism Res<\/jats:bold>\n                      2017, 10: 723\u2013749\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    . \u00a9 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,7]],"date-time":"2017-03-07T05:27:00Z","timestamp":1488864420000},"page":"723-749","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":160,"title":["Autism spectrum disorder in sub\u2010saharan africa: A comprehensive scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Lauren","family":"Franz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Child and Family Mental Health and Developmental Neuroscience Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nola","family":"Chambers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"von Isenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Center Library, Duke University Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petrus J.","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30138-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Self\u2010monitoring of autistic behavior","volume":"35","author":"Akande A.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0030443991550107"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0300443001640108"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07434618.2013.813967"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7196\/SAJCH.7942"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3378\/027.082.0303"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-014-0648-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ejc.v3i2.63612"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-859X-8-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-9-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-0179-4-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2012.0056"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1947-2-56"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1433-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3928"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/njpsyc.v9i2.69920"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.175.5.444"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/482324"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czq078"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07434618.2014.970294"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2014.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_26_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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