{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:10:13Z","timestamp":1791994213740,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]],"date-time":"2017-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We designed a robot system that assisted in behavioral intervention programs of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The eight\u2010session intervention program was based on the discrete trial teaching protocol and focused on two basic social skills: eye contact and facial emotion recognition. The robotic interactions occurred in four modules: training element query, recognition of human activity, coping\u2010mode selection, and follow\u2010up action. Children with ASD who were between 4 and 7 years old and who had verbal IQ\u2009\u2265\u200960 were recruited and randomly assigned to the treatment group (TG,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098, 5.75\u2009\u00b1\u20090.89 years) or control group (CG,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20097; 6.32\u2009\u00b1\u20091.23 years). The therapeutic robot facilitated the treatment intervention in the TG, and the human assistant facilitated the treatment intervention in the CG. The intervention procedures were identical in both groups. The primary outcome measures included\n                    <jats:italic>parent\u2010completed questionnaires<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the\n                    <jats:italic>Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule<\/jats:italic>\n                    (ADOS), and frequency of eye contact, which was measured with the\n                    <jats:italic>partial interval recording method<\/jats:italic>\n                    . After completing treatment, the eye contact percentages were significantly increased in both groups. For facial emotion recognition, the percentages of correct answers were increased in similar patterns in both groups compared to baseline (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05), with no difference between the TG and CG (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The subjects\u2019 ability to play, general behavioral and emotional symptoms were significantly diminished after treatment (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). These results showed that the robot\u2010facilitated and human\u2010facilitated behavioral interventions had similar positive effects on eye contact and facial emotion recognition, which suggested that robots are useful mediators of social skills training for children with ASD.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Autism Res<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>2017<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,. \u00a9 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Autism Res<\/jats:bold>\n                      2017, 10: 1306\u20131323\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    . \u00a9 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]],"date-time":"2017-05-02T13:26:46Z","timestamp":1493731606000},"page":"1306-1323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":143,"title":["Social skills training for children with autism spectrum disorder using a robotic behavioral intervention system"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sang\u2010Seok","family":"Yun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Mechanical Convergence Engineering, Silla University Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JongSuk","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Robotics Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung\u2010Kee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Robotics Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui\u2010Young","family":"Bong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam  Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0521-2718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"HeeJeong","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam  Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Manual for the CBCL\/4\u201018 and 1991 Profile","author":"Achenbach T.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2007.1019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chaminade T. 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