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We explored whether pre\u2010pregnancy weight was related to autistic\u2010like traits among offspring not diagnosed with ASD. A large sample of women, recruited during the second trimester of pregnancy, had their height measured and reported their pre\u2010pregnancy weight. These measurements were then converted to a Body Mass Index (BMI) using the formula: (weight in kilograms)\/(height in metres<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). At 19\u201320 years of age, 1238 offspring of these women completed a measure of autistic\u2010like traits, the Autism\u2010Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Regression analyses identified a positive association between increasing maternal pre\u2010pregnancy BMI and increasing AQ Total Score amongst offspring; this association was maintained even after controlling for a range of variables including maternal\/obstetric factors (age at conception, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertensive diseases, diabetes, threatened abortion), paternal BMI at pregnancy, and child factors (parity, sex) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01, <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=.03). Chi\u2010square analyses found that women with pre\u2010pregnancy obesity (BMI\u2009\u2265\u200930) were more likely to have offspring with high scores (\u226526) on the AQ (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.01). Follow\u2010up binary logistic regression analyses also accounting for the same obstetric and sociodemographic variables found that the offspring of women with pre\u2010pregnancy obesity were at a statistically significantly increased risk of having high scores (\u226526) on the AQ (OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.06, 7.43). This study provides further evidence that maternal pre\u2010pregnancy obesity is associated with autism\u2010like behaviors in offspring. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Autism Research<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold> <jats:italic>2019, 12: 80\u201388<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Lay Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study explored whether pre\u2010pregnancy weight was related to autistic\u2010like traits among offspring not diagnosed with ASD. We found that pre\u2010pregnancy body mass index in women is associated with the amount of autistic\u2010like traits in their children in early adulthood. Specifically, women who were obese at the time of conception were more likely to have a child who had high levels of autistic\u2010like traits in early adulthood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,19]],"date-time":"2018-09-19T12:39:55Z","timestamp":1537360795000},"page":"80-88","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Maternal pre\u2010pregnancy weight and autistic\u2010like traits among offspring in the general population"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kandice J.","family":"Varcin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Newnham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.O.","family":"Whitehouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2004.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and chronic kidney disease: Australian facts: prevalence and incidence","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW)","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-013-1769-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005653411471"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2005.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"1141","article-title":"Review article: Is obesity an inflammatory illness?","volume":"113","author":"Cancello R.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Role of low\u2010grade inflammation and macrophage infiltration in human white adipose tissue. 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