{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T13:09:18Z","timestamp":1790428158489,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005205","name":"Janssen Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005205","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Eye\u2010tracking studies have demonstrated that individuals with autism spectrum disorder sometimes show differences in attention and gaze patterns. This includes preference for certain nonsocial objects, heightened attention to detail, and more difficulty with attention shifting and disengagement, which may be associated with restricted and repetitive behaviors. This study utilized a visual exploration task and replicates findings of reduced number of objects explored and increased fixation duration on high autism interest objects in a large sample of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 129, age 6\u201354 years) in comparison with a typically developing group. These findings correlated with parent\u2010reported repetitive behaviors. Additionally, we applied recurrent quantification analysis to enable identification of new eye\u2010tracking features, which accounted for temporal and spatial differences in viewing patterns. These new features were found to discriminate between autism spectrum disorder and typically developing groups and were correlated with parent\u2010reported repetitive behaviors. Original and novel eye\u2010tracking features identified by recurrent quantification analysis differed in their relationships to reported behaviors and were dependent on age. <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold> NCT02299700. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Autism Research<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold> <jats:italic>2018, 11: 1554\u20131566<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Lay Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using eye\u2010tracking technology and a visual exploration task, we showed that people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) spend more time looking at particular kinds of objects, like trains and clocks, and look at fewer objects overall than people without ASD. Where people look and the order in which they look at objects were related to the restricted and repetitive behaviors reported by parents. Eye\u2010tracking may be a useful addition to parent reports for measuring changes in behavior in individuals with ASD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T17:01:31Z","timestamp":1538413291000},"page":"1554-1566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Visual Exploration in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Exploring Age Differences and Dynamic Features Using Recurrence Quantification Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9037-1400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolay V.","family":"Manyakov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development  Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340 Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"Bangerter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development  LLC, 1125 Trenton\u2010Harbourton Road, Titusville New Jersey 08560"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meenakshi","family":"Chatterjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development  LLC, PO Box 776, Welsh &amp; McKean Roads, Spring House Pennsylvania 19477\u20100776"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck University of London  Malet Street WC1E 7HX, London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seth","family":"Ness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development  LLC, 1125 Trenton\u2010Harbourton Road, Titusville New Jersey 08560"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lewin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development  LLC, 1125 Trenton\u2010Harbourton Road, Titusville New Jersey 08560"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Skalkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development  LLC, PO Box 776, Welsh &amp; McKean Roads, Spring House Pennsylvania 19477\u20100776"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Boice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development  LLC, 1125 Trenton\u2010Harbourton Road, Titusville New Jersey 08560"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew S.","family":"Goodwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"312E Robinson Hall, Department of Health Sciences, Bouv\u00e9 College of Health Sciences Northeastern University  360 Huntington Avenue, Boston Massachusetts 02115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldine","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development Duke University School of Medicine  2608 Erwin Road, Suite 30, Durham North Carolina 27705"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Hendren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development Seattle Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington  2001 8th Ave Suite #400, Seattle Washington 98121"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bennett","family":"Leventhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Benioff Children's Hospital University of California  San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Ave, Langley Porter, San Francisco California 94143\u20100984"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick","family":"Shic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development Seattle Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington  Seattle Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gahan","family":"Pandina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development  LLC, 1125 Trenton\u2010Harbourton Road, Titusville New Jersey 08560"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-014-0550-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-012-0299-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2017.0018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","volume-title":"The repetitive behavior scale","author":"Bodfish J. 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