{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:30:35Z","timestamp":1786977035369,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]],"date-time":"2019-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81171293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81171293"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018A030310336"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018A030310336"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) present with a high co\u2010occurrence of anxiety and attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, it remains unclear how the co\u2010occurrence of anxiety and ADHD in children with ASD alters whole\u2010brain functional networks. Here, we aimed to examine anxiety\u2010 and ADHD\u2010related brain network centrality in children with ASD separately and their relationships with ASD symptoms. Clinical anxiety and ADHD levels in children with ASD, aged 6\u201313\u2009years old, were assessed. Participants were categorized into four groups: ASD only (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 28), ASD\u2009+\u2009anxiety (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 19), ASD\u2009+\u2009ADHD (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 25), and ASD\u2009+\u2009both anxiety and ADHD (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 28). Subsequently, we compared voxel\u2010wise network degree centrality (DC) among the four groups. We found that: (a) compared with ASD only, children with ASD\u2009+\u2009anxiety showed higher DC in the left middle temporal gyrus, right lingual gyrus, and left cuneus, and lower DC in the right precuneus; (b) children with ASD\u2009+\u2009ADHD presented higher DC in the right calcarine and left superior frontal gyrus (SFG) compared with ASD only; (c) children with ASD\u2009+\u2009both displayed higher DC in the right calcarine and lower centrality in the right middle occipital gyrus compared with ASD only; and (d) across all children with ASD, there was a positive correlation between DC of the right calcarine with nonverbal behavior scores, and DC of the left SFG was negatively correlated with social scores. Our findings suggest that the right calcarine, left SFG, and default mode network nodes play important roles in the co\u2010occurrence of anxiety and ADHD among children with ASD.\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:bold>Autism Res<\/jats:bold>\n                        2019, 12: 1057\u20131068\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      . \u00a9 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Lay Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The co\u2010occurrence of anxiety and attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown to influence the brain function of children with ASD. In order to gain a better understanding of this, the present study compared degree centrality, the amount of effective brain functional connectivity that reflects the characteristics of brain networks, among four groups: ASD only, ASD\u2009+\u2009anxiety, ASD\u2009+\u2009ADHD, and ASD\u2009+\u2009both anxiety and ADHD. We found that some areas located in the language processing network and primary visual cortex were associated with the co\u2010occurrence of ADHD, and some other areas located in the default mode network were associated with the co\u2010occurrence of both anxiety and ADHD. These findings provide more knowledge about the neural basis underlying behavioral changes related to the co\u2010occurrence of anxiety and ADHD in children with ASD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]],"date-time":"2019-05-10T08:28:04Z","timestamp":1557476884000},"page":"1057-1068","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effects of the Co\u2010occurrence of Anxiety and Attention\u2010Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder on Intrinsic Functional Network Centrality among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9077-3354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zengjian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minyoung","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry University of Fukui  Fukui Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanchun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Radiology, Sun Yat\u2010sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoqiang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Radiology, Sun Yat\u2010sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Manual for the ASEBA school\u2010age forms & profiles: An integrated system of multi\u2010informant assessment","author":"Achenbach 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