{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:38:35Z","timestamp":1790905115519,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]],"date-time":"2020-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TL1TR002244\u201003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TL1TR002244\u201003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01MH102272"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01MH102272"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32\u2010MH18921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32\u2010MH18921"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Interoception involves the processing of sensory information relevant to physiological functioning and is integral to building self\u2010awareness, emotional states, and modulating social behaviors. With the role of interoception in emotional processing and social functioning, there is growing interest in characterizing interoception in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet, there are mixed results regarding cardiac interoceptive accuracy in ASD. In this study, we explored the neural basis of cardiac interoception using an fMRI heartbeat\u2010counting task in order to assess neural correlates of primary interoception. We predicted that interoceptive\u2010specific response in the insula, a \u201chub\u201d for interoception, would be related to ASD symptomatology. We investigated the relationship of insula responses during cardiac interoceptive focus and a self\/caregiver\u2010reported autism\u2010related symptom scale (Social Responsiveness Scale\u20102 (SRS)). Participants included 46 individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (age 8\u201354, mean = 19.43\u2009\u00b1\u200910.68\u2009years) and 54 individuals with typical development for comparison (TC, age 8\u201353, mean = 21.43\u2009\u00b1\u200910.41\u2009years). We found no significant difference in cardiac interoceptive accuracy or neural response to cardiac interoception focus in ASD. Several insula subdivisions had a curvilinear relationship to age, peaking in early adulthood. Interoceptive\u2010specific insula response was associated with adult self\u2010report SRS scores; this association differed by diagnostic group and was not present for caregiver\u2010reported scores. This work suggests that (a) there is no global deficit in cardiac interoception in ASD, but integrating interoceptive cues with social information may distinguish individuals with ASD, and (b) there is a developmental trajectory for interoceptive processing in the insula that may be relevant for socio\u2010emotional health.\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:bold>Autism Res<\/jats:bold>\n                        2020, 13\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      : 908\u2010920. \u00a9 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Lay Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We use internal sensory information from the body, such as signals from the heart, to understand our emotional response to the external world. We measured how accurately people with autism feel their heartbeat and how the brain responds to this type of information. We found no differences between the autism and comparison groups in how the brain senses heartbeats, or in how accurately people feel their heartbeats. However, for people with autism, brain responses while sensing heartbeats were related to social difficulties. This work suggests people with autism may use internal and external information in a different way.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]],"date-time":"2020-03-05T03:55:40Z","timestamp":1583380540000},"page":"908-920","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Neural Correlates of Cardiac Interoceptive Focus Across Development: Implications for Social Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9734-3373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle D.","family":"Failla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren K.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brynna H.","family":"Heflin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"},{"name":"Florida International University Doctoral Program in Clinical Science  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3425-8646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa E.","family":"Mash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"},{"name":"SDSU\/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6832-1044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberly","family":"Schauder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"},{"name":"Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology University of Rochester  Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samona","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madison B.","family":"Gerdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Weitlauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baxter P.","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Imaging Institute  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9560-9203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carissa J.","family":"Cascio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)7:4<254::AID-HBM4>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1997.0299"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.329"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3950"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00435-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2013.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","volume-title":"Social responsiveness scale (SRS)","author":"Constantino J. 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