{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:12:40Z","timestamp":1790255560179,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]],"date-time":"2020-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007155","name":"Medical Research Council Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G0400065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0400065"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NF\u2010SI\u20100514\u201010073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NF\u2010SI\u20100514\u201010073"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NF\u2010SI\u20100617\u201010120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NF\u2010SI\u20100617\u201010120"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007602","name":"Programme Grants for Applied Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP\u2010PG\u20101211\u201020016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP\u2010PG\u20101211\u201020016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Sir Henry Wellcome Postdoctoral Fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Sir Henry Wellcome Postdoctoral Fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Many autistic young people exhibit co\u2010occurring behavior difficulties, characterized by conduct problems and oppositional behavior. However, the causes of these co\u2010occurring difficulties are not well understood. Impairments in theory of mind (ToM) are often reported in autistic individuals and have been linked to conduct problems in nonautistic individuals. Whether an association between ToM ability and conduct problems exists in autistic populations, whether this association is similar between individuals who are autistic versus nonautistic, and whether these associations are specific to conduct problems (as opposed to other domains of psychopathology) remains unclear. ToM ability was assessed using the Frith\u2013Happ\u00e9 Triangles task in a pooled sample of autistic (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 128; mean age 14.78\u2009years) and nonautistic youth (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 50; mean age 15.48\u2009years), along with parent\u2010rated psychiatric symptoms of conduct problems, hyperactivity\/inattention and emotional problems. Analyses tested ToM ability between autistic versus nonautistic participants, and compared associations between ToM performance and conduct problems between the two groups. Where no significant group differences in associations were found, the pooled association between ToM and conduct problems was estimated in the combined sample. Results showed no evidence of moderation in associations by diagnostic status, and an association between poorer ToM ability and higher levels of conduct problems, hyperactivity\/inattention and emotional problems across the total sample. However, these associations became nonsignificant when adjusting for verbal IQ. Results provide support for theoretical models of co\u2010occurring psychopathology in autistic populations, and suggest targets for intervention for conduct problems in autistic youth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Lay Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many young people with autism spectrum disorder show co\u2010occurring behavior problems, but the causes of these are not well understood. This paper found an association between difficulties recognizing what others think and intend (so\u2010called \u201ctheory of mind\u201d) in a simple animated task, and emotional and behavioral problems in autistic and nonautistic young people. However, a substantial part of this association was explained by individual differences in verbal ability. These findings may have implications for intervention efforts to improve young people's mental health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]],"date-time":"2020-07-21T09:19:01Z","timestamp":1595323141000},"page":"276-288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Associations between theory of mind and conduct problems in autistic and <scp>nonautistic<\/scp> youth"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7455-5514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Carter Leno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5543-8638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susie","family":"Chandler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9118-2847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phillipa","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8603-0910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Yorke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1993-6549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony","family":"Charman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM)  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0541-0431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine R. G.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Cardiff University  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9226-4000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Happ\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social, Genetic and Developmental and Psychiatry Research Centre Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evelina London Children\u2019s Hospital Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1283-0346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Pickles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5450-0823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Simonoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM)  London UK"},{"name":"Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-2014(00)00014-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69041-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15566935eed1204_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361318769176"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.10.075"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291710000991"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032293"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.)","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00335.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-016-0206-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp3401_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00447"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.53.6.1146"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1753-2000-3-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361313518995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1625"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","article-title":"Interventions based on the theory of mind cognitive model for autism spectrum disorder (ASD)","author":"Fletcher\u2010Watson S.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200310000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00913796"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-010-1095-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200111000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.177.6.534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.1995.tb00909.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5871\/jba\/003.197"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000417"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-835X.1996.tb00713.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03192961"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2014.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2016.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025417727875"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00401"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01519.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08856250903450855"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1873"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-010-1118-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005592401947"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","volume-title":"The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS\u20102)","author":"Lord C.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-007-9147-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09297049.2015.1012491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2013.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2788.2003.00517.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.97.3.330"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20099"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2012.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.1992.tb01696.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","volume-title":"Social Communication Questionnaire","author":"Rutter M.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","volume-title":"Autism Diagnostic Interview\u2010Revised","author":"Rutter M.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-015-2361-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361308091654"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-013-2011-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsr023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1176170"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnn.0000152228.90129.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930701667586"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2019.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e318179964f"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.2678"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","unstructured":"StataCorp. (2015).Stata statistical software: Release 14."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/026151099165384"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","volume-title":"Stanford\u2013Binet Intelligence Scale: Manual for the Third Revision Form","author":"Terman L.","year":"1960"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","volume-title":"The Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence","author":"Wechsler D.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","volume-title":"Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence\u2014Fourth Edition","author":"Wechsler D.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00687"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1962.10480664"}],"container-title":["Autism Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Faur.2346","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aur.2346","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/aur.2346","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aur.2346","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T03:30:44Z","timestamp":1693279844000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aur.2346"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aur.2346"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aur.2346","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-3792","1939-3806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-3792","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-3806","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-02-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}