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A secondary aim was to consider the possible impact of geographic, cultural\/ethnic, and socioeconomic factors on prevalence estimates and on clinical presentation of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Based on the evidence reviewed, the median of prevalence estimates of autism spectrum disorders was 62\/10\u2009000. While existing estimates are variable, the evidence reviewed does not support differences in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    prevalence by geographic region nor of a strong impact of ethnic\/cultural or socioeconomic factors. However, power to detect such effects is seriously limited in existing data sets, particularly in low\u2010income countries. While it is clear that prevalence estimates have increased over time and these vary in different neighboring and distant regions, these findings most likely represent broadening of the diagnostic concets, diagnostic switching from other developmental disabilities to\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , service availability, and awareness of autistic spectrum disorders in both the lay and professional public. The lack of evidence from the majority of the world's population suggests a critical need for further research and capacity building in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Autism Res<\/jats:bold>\n                      2012, 5: 160\u2013179.\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a9 2012 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,11]],"date-time":"2012-04-11T17:56:16Z","timestamp":1334166976000},"page":"160-179","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2172,"title":["Global Prevalence of Autism and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Mayada","family":"Elsabbagh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Montreal Children's Hospital  Montreal Canada"},{"name":"Birkbeck University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gauri","family":"Divan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sangath  Goa India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun\u2010Joo","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Korea Institute for Children's Social Development  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Shin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Study Center Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuaib","family":"Kauchali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal  South Africa"},{"name":"Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Marc\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mexican Autism Clinic  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Montiel\u2010Nava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Department La Universidad del Zulia  Maracaibo Venezuela"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikram","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Mental Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine  London UK"},{"name":"Sangath Centre  Goa India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiane S.","family":"Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Disorders Program Mackenzie Presbyterian University  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chongying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Behavioural Science and School of Medicine Nankai University  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Taghi","family":"Yasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Fombonne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Montreal Children's Hospital  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2346"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al\u2010Farsi Y. 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