{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T03:15:49Z","timestamp":1778728549978,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R01ES028125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01ES028125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Maternal exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy is a common and persistent exposure linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in the offspring. However, previous studies provide mixed evidence regarding the relationship between prenatal smoking and offspring autism. This study used cotinine level, a biomarker for nicotine, to investigate the relationship between prenatal smoking and autism. The authors conducted a population\u2010based case\u2013control study nested in a national cohort of all births in Finland from 1987 to 2005. Cases diagnosed with childhood autism (ICD\u201010\/9 code F84.0\/299.0) through 2007 were identified using data from linked national registers. Each case was matched with a control on date of birth (\u00b130\u2009days), sex, and place of birth (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009962 pairs). Maternal serum cotinine levels were prospectively measured in first\u2010 to early second\u2010trimester serum samples archived in a national biobank using a quantitative immunoassay. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Prenatal maternal levels of serum cotinine were not associated with the odds of autism, whether cotinine was classified continuously, by deciles, or using previously defined categories corresponding to probable maternal smoking status. After adjusting for maternal age, paternal age, previous births, and any history of parental psychiatric disorder, the odds ratio for categorical high versus low cotinine, using a 3\u2010level exposure variable, was 0.98 (95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.76, 1.26; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.88). In conclusion, this national birth cohort\u2010based study does not provide evidence for an association between maternal cotinine, a biomarker of maternal smoking, and risk of autism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Lay Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study explored whether prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke in mothers is related to the diagnosis of autism in their children, by measuring the levels of cotinine, a biomarker for tobacco exposure, in stored serum samples drawn from mothers during pregnancy. The levels of cotinine in the mothers of children diagnosed with autism were similar to those in the mothers of control children of similar age and gender distribution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T10:03:40Z","timestamp":1631268220000},"page":"2444-2453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A biomarker\u2010based study of prenatal smoking exposure and autism in a Finnish national birth cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7945-407X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keely","family":"Cheslack\u2010Postava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Sourander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Psychiatry, Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Turku  Turku Finland"},{"name":"Department of Child Psychiatry Turku University Hospital  Turku Finland"},{"name":"INVEST Research Flagship University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Hinkka\u2010Yli\u2010Salom\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Psychiatry, Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian W.","family":"McKeague","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helj\u00e4\u2010Marja","family":"Surcel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland Oulu University Hospital  Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan S.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7382.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntw332"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2561"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-0927"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24095\/hpcdp.30.4.04"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0313-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US) &U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 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