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There is substantial evidence that both facial structure and the recurrence of ASD diagnosis are highly heritable within a nuclear family. Furthermore, sub\u2010clinical levels of autistic\u2010like behavioural characteristics have also been reported in first\u2010degree relatives of individuals with ASD, commonly known as the \u2018broad autism phenotype\u2019. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine whether a broad autism phenotype expresses as facial asymmetry among 192 biological parents of autistic individuals (134 mothers) compared to those of 163 age\u2010matched adults without a family history of ASD (113 females). Using dense surface\u2010modelling techniques on three dimensional facial images, we found evidence for greater facial asymmetry in parents of autistic individuals compared to age\u2010matched adults in the comparison group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.046, <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.21 [0.002, 0.42]). Considering previous findings and the current results, we conclude that facial asymmetry expressed in the facial morphology of autistic children may be related to heritability factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Lay Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a previous study, we showed that autistic children presented with greater facial asymmetry than non\u2010autistic children. In the current study, we examined the amount of facial asymmetry shown on three\u2010dimensional facial images of 192 parents of autistic children compared to a control group consisting of 163 similarly aged adults with no known history of autism. Although parents did show greater levels of facial asymmetry than those in the control group, this effect is statistically small. We concluded that the facial asymmetry previously found in autistic children may be related to genetic factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,16]],"date-time":"2021-09-16T13:33:05Z","timestamp":1631799185000},"page":"2260-2269","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Facial asymmetry in parents of children on the autism spectrum"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6394-8435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana Weiting","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychological Science The University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7448-2327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Zulqarnain","family":"Gilani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sciences Edith Cowan University  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"School of Computer Science and Software Engineering The University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0545-0353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Boutrus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3351-5919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gail A.","family":"Alvares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8722-1575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J. 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