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The current study extended examination of these processes to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a group at considerable risk for sleep problems. Participants included 54 children with ASD (aged 6\u201310\u2009years, 43% Hispanic). RSA data were collected via a wired MindWare system during a 3\u2010min baseline and a 3\u2010min challenge task. Parents reported on their children's sleep problems and sleep duration using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire, Abbreviated. Although no significant correlations emerged between RSA indices and parent\u2010reported child sleep, baseline RSA and RSA reactivity interacted in the prediction of sleep problems. For children with higher RSA reactivity, higher baseline RSA was associated with fewer sleep problems, but for children with lower RSA reactivity, baseline RSA was not predictive. No main effects or interactions of RSA predicted sleep duration. Findings suggest resilience against sleep problems for children with ASD presenting with higher baseline RSA and higher RSA reactivity. Implications of these results center upon directly targeting psychophysiology (i.e., parasympathetic nervous system regulation) as a possible mechanism to improve sleep in children with ASD, and developing personalized interventions based on physiological markers of risk and resilience.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,17]],"date-time":"2022-09-17T06:03:58Z","timestamp":1663394638000},"page":"2138-2148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Parasympathetic functioning and sleep problems in children with autism spectrum disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7861-6049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hillary K.","family":"Schiltz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Marquette University  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Center for Autism California State University  Fullerton California USA"},{"name":"Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior University of California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4688-0499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel M.","family":"Fenning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Center for Autism California State University  Fullerton California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychological Science and The Claremont Autism Center Claremont McKenna College  Claremont California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4821-0819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen A.","family":"Erath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Human Sciences Auburn University  Auburn Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5172-1420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason K.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Center for Autism California State University  Fullerton California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.02.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361317745857"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361319848525"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-017-0332-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.830234"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579401002012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13329"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2005.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-013-1971-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02140.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10484-021-09503-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2012.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1866-1955-6-44"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1166139"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361318810709"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","volume-title":"Social responsiveness scale: SRS\u20102","author":"Constantino J. 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