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We examined the associations of parental psychiatric disorders with ASD in offspring. This population\u2010based case\u2013control study used Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to identify a cohort of children born from 2004 to 2017 and their parents. A total of 24,279 children with ASD (diagnostic ICD\u20109\u2010CM code: 299.x or ICD\u201010 code F84.x) and 97,715 matched controls were included. Parental psychiatric disorders, including depressive disorders, bipolar spectrum disorders, anxiety disorders, obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, substance use disorders, autism spectrum disorder, attention\u2010deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and adjustment disorders were identified. Conditional logistic regressions with covariate adjustment were performed. The results suggest that parental diagnosis with any of the psychiatric disorders is associated with ASD in offspring (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]\u00a0=\u00a01.45, 95%CI: 1.40\u20131.51 for mothers; and AOR\u00a0=\u00a01.12, 95%CI: 1.08\u20131.17 for fathers). ASD in offspring was associated with schizophrenia, depressive disorders, obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder, adjustment disorders, ADHD and ASD in both parents. The relationship between parental psychiatric disorders and the timing of the child's birth and ASD diagnosis varied across the different psychiatric disorders. The present study provides supportive evidence that parental psychiatric disorders are associated with autistic children. Furthermore, because the associations between parental psychiatric disorders and the timing of child's birth and ASD diagnosis varied across psychiatric disorders, the observed relationships may be affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Future studies are needed to disentangle the potential influence of genetic and environmental factors on the observed associations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T08:29:00Z","timestamp":1665995340000},"page":"2409-2419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Associations between parental psychiatric disorders and autism spectrum disorder in the offspring"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yi\u2010Ling","family":"Chien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry National Taiwan University Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi\u2010Shin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research National Health Research Institutes  Zhunan 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