{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:16:25Z","timestamp":1791566185779,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy (MT) for children with co\u2010occurring autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disabilities (ID) and explore whether pre\u2010intervention quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) responses can predict outcomes. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 33 children receiving MT and 34 receiving an active control therapy. Participants received either MT or a non\u2010musical social skills intervention for 45\u2009min weekly over 12\u2009weeks. Primary outcomes were measured using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS\u20102), along with the parent\u2010rated Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS\u20102) and video coding of social behaviors. Both conditions significantly improved in CARS\u20102 scores at 2\u2009weeks and 4\u2009months post\u2010intervention, with no differences between MT and control conditions. No changes were found in SRS\u20102 scores. While both conditions showed reduced disengagement after intervention, only the MT condition showed increased engagement and initiation. Strong qEEG responses to social scenes and music predicted increased initiation, indicating its potential to help tailor interventions. These results support incorporating MT into standard services and further research on qEEG predictors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.3254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T09:39:08Z","timestamp":1730972348000},"page":"2702-2722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Music therapy improves engagement and initiation for autistic children with mild intellectual disabilities: A randomized controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2165-6813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen Na","family":"Yum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Education and Counselling The Education University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kean","family":"Poon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Education University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Way Kwok\u2010Wai","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Hong Kong Metropolitan University  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuk Chuen","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Education and Counselling The Education University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuen Fung","family":"Sin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Education and Counselling The Education University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"King Man","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Music Therapy Center  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho Yan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Music Therapy Center  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0021-0975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Di Chao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Education and Counselling The Education University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2004.00732.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13028"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20473869.2021.1967697"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2024.104688"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.9478"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13053-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","volume-title":"Defining music therapy","author":"Bruscia K. E.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2014.210"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","volume-title":"Social responsiveness scale: SRS\u20102","author":"Constantino J. N.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta21590"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","author":"Gallucci M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Retrieved from"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd004381.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-020-04844-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JADD.0000006003.26667.f8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2059204318769639"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.905113"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103788"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2004.00384.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmt\/thu012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PROM.S106267"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-019-04062-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3917\/arco.lecou.2017.01.0075"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.10.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119390"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40489-021-00246-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.643234"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00585"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-015-2434-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","unstructured":"R Core Team. (2021).R: A language and environment for statistical computing (version 4.1) [computer software].https:\/\/cran.r-project.org(R packages retrieved from MRAN snapshot 2022\u201001\u201001)"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","volume-title":"The childhood autism rating scale (CARS)","author":"Schopler E.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-8-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1437"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0287-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-015-2624-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2040-2392-4-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","volume-title":"The jamovi project. jamovi (Version 2.3)","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mtp\/30.2.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13668250.2014.965668"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2024.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-012-1601-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2005.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1866-1955-5-24"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1355942"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2018.4208"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmt\/thy013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-020-02454-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2696"}],"container-title":["Autism Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aur.3254","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T10:57:00Z","timestamp":1734087420000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aur.3254"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aur.3254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aur.3254","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-3792","1939-3806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-3792","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-3806","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}