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The biological mechanisms underlying this association are largely understudied. We examined the association between household income during pregnancy and ASDs in offspring, adjusting for confounders including maternal BAP, and explored whether maternal chronic stress, measured by allostatic load (AL) during pregnancy, mediates this association. Data on 59,998 mother\u2013child dyads were obtained from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide birth cohort. Household income was categorized into tertiles (&lt;\u20094 million, 4\u20136 million, &gt;\u20096 million JPY) and offspring ASD diagnosis by age four was assessed via guardian's report. Bayesian logistic regression models indicated that mothers from low\u2010 and middle\u2010income households had a 58% (95% credible interval [CI]: 28%\u201398%) and a 37% (95% CI: 12%\u201370%) higher risk of offspring ASDs, respectively, compared to those from high\u2010income households. AL, defined as three or more out of 10 biomarkers in the highest risk quartile, did not mediate these associations. Low and middle household income during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of ASD diagnosis, and high AL did not mediate this association.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.70022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T19:46:43Z","timestamp":1742845603000},"page":"881-890","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Household Income, Maternal Allostatic Load During Pregnancy, and Offspring With Autism Spectrum Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8591-4607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuhei","family":"Terada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office National Institute for Environmental Studies  Tsukuba Japan"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Institute of Science Tokyo  Tokyo 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