{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T03:01:58Z","timestamp":1780714918391,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004377","name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P001496"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P001496"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study presents a post hoc analysis of our parent study \u201cEvaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Transcranial Pulse Stimulation on Autism Spectrum Disorder\u201d study which was a double\u2010blind, sham\u2010controlled, randomized controlled trial. In this study, we examined associations between changes in brain network connectivity and cognitive performance in young adolescents (12\u201317\u2009years) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) following the administration of transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) which is considered non\u2010invasive, evidenced\u2010based brain stimulation for neurodegenerative disorders and neuropsychiatric disorders. Our findings indicate that increased connectivity in specific brain networks is associated with improvements in cognitive measures, suggesting that connectivity changes may underpin cognitive changes observed after six TPS intervention. These results highlight potential neural mechanisms underlying cognitive improvements in ASD, although causality cannot be inferred from these associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/nct05408793\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    identifier: NCT05408793\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.70093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T03:23:59Z","timestamp":1755833039000},"page":"1965-1977","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Associations Between Brain Network Connectivity and Cognitive Measures in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Parent Study \u201cEvaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Transcranial Pulse Stimulation on Autism Spectrum Disorder\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Chun Liang","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"The Mental Health Research Centre The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2343-2191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Matt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Vienna  Wien Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3674-7080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommy Kwan Hin","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce Yuen Ting","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mental Health Research Centre The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bolton","family":"Chau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"The Mental Health Research Centre The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4457-1908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Calvin Pak Wing","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Beisteiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Vienna  Wien Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teris","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mental Health Research Centre The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.2.262"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/173073"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","unstructured":"Andersson J. L. R. J.Mark andS.Smith.2010.\u201cNon\u2010Linear Registration Aka Spatial Normalisation \u201dFMRIB technical report TR07JA2."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","volume-title":"Asperger's Syndrome: A Guide for Parents and Professionals","author":"Attwood A.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-006-0073-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201902583"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1440.011"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"The Clinical Global Impressions Scale: Applying a Research Tool in Clinical Practice","volume":"4","author":"Busner J.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychiatry (Edgmont)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2010.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192315614"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad226"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1457"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/52B.5.P247"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001169"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.09.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2015.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43163-021-00116-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2017.07.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2013.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sjamf.sjamf_83_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2012.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2008.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371205700502"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2016.00205"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2017.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1132"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1361-8415(01)00036-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(66)90004-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2015.12.1.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1397093"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-40427-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2014.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.02.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31129-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2011.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000000228"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2011.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689\u2010024\u201009529\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6627507"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-015-0583-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-004-5290-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-022-01310-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00750"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","volume-title":"The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS)","author":"Schopler E.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00458"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acr024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867419836031"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-022-09456-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2013.00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2021.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-024-05500-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00338.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2696"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.205913"}],"container-title":["Autism Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aur.70093","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/aur.70093","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aur.70093","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T02:50:10Z","timestamp":1780714210000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aur.70093"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aur.70093"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aur.70093","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-3792","1939-3806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-3792","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-3806","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}