{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T08:58:30Z","timestamp":1781254710272,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82260343"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82260343"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81960237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81960237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007935","name":"Hainan Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RZ2500002153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RZ2500002153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007935","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008111","name":"Hainan Provincial Department of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WSJK2024QN101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WSJK2024QN101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008111","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aims to investigate the relationship between gray matter (GM) changes and severity in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We examined 113 ASD children aged 2\u20138\u2009years (17 mild cases, 56 moderate cases, and 40 severe cases), as well as 110 age and sex\u2010matched healthy controls (HC). Voxel\u2010based morphometry (VBM) was used to compare GM density (GMD) changes between ASD and HC groups. Additionally, structural covariance network analysis quantified the cross\u2010regional synchronous changes in GM among ASD children, and causal analysis described the pattern of changes in the GM network related to symptom severity in ASD children. The results indicated that ASD children exhibiting mild symptoms have an enlarged parahippocampal gyrus, and as the severity of ASD increases, the range of GMD changes expands (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05, FDR correction). Granger causality (GC) analysis revealed that the parahippocampal gyrus may function as a central hub within ASD\u2010related directional networks, exerting causal effects on other brain regions (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). These findings were validated by external datasets. Our results provide preliminary insights into the role of the parahippocampal gyrus in ASD and promote the application of dimensional models.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.70098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T06:34:46Z","timestamp":1754116486000},"page":"1746-1763","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Causal Network Analysis Reveals Key Brain Regions Associated With Severity in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4176-2193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaofen","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The First Clinical College, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University  Haikou 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Haikou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenghui","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Hainan Women's and Children's Hospital, Hainan Medical University  Haikou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Hainan Women's and Children's Hospital, Hainan Medical University  Haikou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuefu","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Hainan Women's and Children's Hospital, Hainan Medical University  Haikou China"},{"name":"Department of Radiology The Third People's Hospital of Longgang, Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College (The Third People's Hospital of Longgang District Shenzhen)  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The First Clinical College, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University  Haikou 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