{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T17:06:51Z","timestamp":1790960811817,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR203318"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR203318"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The social motivation theory hypothesizes that autistic individuals' experience diminished social motivation due to reduced social reward, social orienting, and social maintaining. Low social motivation has been linked to increased vulnerability to internalizing difficulties within this population. This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis examined the relationship between social motivation and internalizing symptoms across the lifespan in autistic individuals. Relevant research papers until February 2025 were identified by searching EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science databases (PROSPERO protocol: CRD42024547863). The systematic review included 14 studies (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20094590). A total of three meta\u2010analyses were run using Pearson's correlation coefficients between social motivation and (1) anxiety, (2) depression, and (3) social anxiety, and the moderating effect of age, sex, and study quality were assessed using meta\u2010regressions. Sensitivity analyses were run to assess whether one study was influencing the results of the meta\u2010analysis. Greater difficulties with social motivation are associated with increased anxiety, depression, and social anxiety, with a moderate pooled effect size across all domains. Sensitivity analyses did not significantly alter any of the results. Age, sex, and quality of study were nonsignificant moderators. Reduced social motivation may be associated with an increased vulnerability to internalizing difficulties in autistic individuals. The stability across age, sex, and study quality highlights social motivation as a potential transdiagnostic target for intervention in autistic individuals.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.70185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T11:24:56Z","timestamp":1770809096000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Examining the Relationship Between Social Motivation and Internalizing Symptoms in Autistic People: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Katie","family":"Lindsay\u2010Webb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poppy","family":"Clayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5450-0823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Simonoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Service for Complex Autism and Associated Neurodevelopmental Disorders (SCAAND), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9513-6917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Hollocks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Service for Complex Autism and Associated Neurodevelopmental Disorders (SCAAND), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13925"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"221","article-title":"Effect Sizes for Continuous Data","volume":"2","author":"Borenstein M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta\u2010Analysis"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119558378"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2017.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00710"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","article-title":"Autistic Traits and Psychosocial Predictors of Depressive Symptoms","author":"Camus L.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-016-2827-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-011-1364-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2021.101979"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","volume-title":"Social Responsiveness Scale Second Edition (SRS\u20102): Manual","author":"Constantino J. N.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12184"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-019-00539-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2020.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-016-0707-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-015-0031-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-019-04311-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.5.1058"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-016-2781-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-016-3025-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-98507-3_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701004056"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","volume-title":"Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory\u20104R (CASI\u20104R)","author":"Gadow K. D.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","volume-title":"Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory\u20105 (CASI\u20105)","author":"Gadow K. D.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","article-title":"Social Anhedonia Accounts for Greater Variance in Internalizing Symptoms Than Autism Symptoms in Autistic and Non\u2010Autistic Youth","author":"Gerber A. H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (Version 6.3)","author":"Higgins J. P. T.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112922"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12310-020-09409-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000724"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2006.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118427378.ch23"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2016.1233501"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2019.4368"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","volume-title":"Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields","author":"Kmet L. M.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1042.2023.00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022684520514"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020835"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2012.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361320975311"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2014.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361312474121"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13623613231216879"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579419000361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1910"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09589236.2021.1988530"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/17.4.555"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/ACPJC-1995-123-3-A12"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","volume-title":"The Influence of Social Skills on the Development of Internalizing Disorders in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder","author":"Rosenberg R.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-015-2669-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2012.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","volume-title":"The Anxiety DisordersInterview Schedule for DSM\u2013IV\u2014Child and Parent Versions","author":"Silverman W. K.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e318179964f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361320908101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-011-1215-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aut.2018.0009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1764"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12270"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(01)00377-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(00)00242-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"Peer Relationships Among Children With ASD: Interventions Targeting Social Acceptance, Friendships, and Peer Networks","volume":"52","author":"Sterrett K.","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-016-0629-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-015-2567-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361320961006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v036.i03"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Autistic Girls but Not Boys Show a Strong Association Between Internalizing Symptoms and Social Motivation","author":"Waite M.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2024.104768"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361311431951"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1331"}],"container-title":["Autism Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aur.70185","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/aur.70185","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aur.70185","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T06:17:35Z","timestamp":1773814655000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aur.70185"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aur.70185"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aur.70185","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-3792","1939-3806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-3792","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-3806","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70185"}}