{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:43:45Z","timestamp":1789055025316,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Autistic individuals often exhibit high rates of obsessive\u2010compulsive symptoms (OCS), yet traditional cognitive\u2010behavioral therapy (CBT), especially exposure and response prevention (ERP), tends to be less effective for them. This may be due to differences in the function of compulsive behaviors: while OCD\u2010related compulsions are typically ego\u2010dystonic and aimed at reducing anxiety, autistic compulsions may be ego\u2010syntonic, serving regulatory or sensory modulation purposes. This study investigated whether compulsions in autism are more aligned with regulation and sensory modulation than with anxiety reduction. Participants included 39 autistic university students, 25 non\u2010autistic students with high OCS, and 25 non\u2010autistic students with low OCS. A factor analysis of seven binary items from the Yale\u2013Brown Obsessive\u2010Compulsive Scale (Y\u2010BOCS\u2010I) revealed two factors explaining 58% of the variance. The first factor showed high loadings for Repetition, Counting, and Hoarding compulsions, reflecting regulatory and sensory modulation processes. The second factor showed high loadings for checking and organizing compulsions that were previously associated with anxiety reduction. Chi\u2010square analyses showed autistic students reported significantly more regulatory\/sensory compulsions than low\u2010OCS individuals. For anxiety\u2010reduction compulsions, autistic students reported significantly fewer positive responses than both non\u2010autistic groups. Trait and state anxiety correlated with OCS levels in non\u2010autistic participants, but not in autistic individuals. These findings indicate that compulsions in autism may reflect distinct functional mechanisms compared to those in classical OCD. Specifically, the weaker association with anxiety or threat reduction suggests that ERP\u2010based CBT, which targets anxiety\u2010driven compulsions, may be less effective for autistic individuals. Broader implications for both diagnosis and therapeutic approaches are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.70215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T01:30:41Z","timestamp":1773192641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Compulsion Profile Differences Indicate Distinct Functional Mechanisms in Autistic and Non\u2010Autistic University Students"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5837-1283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gil","family":"Zukerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Disorders, School of Health Sciences Ariel University  Ariel Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3167-5006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ester","family":"Ben\u2013Itzchak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bruckner Center for Research in Autism Spectrum Disorder, Department of Communication Disorders, School of Health Sciences Ariel University  Ariel Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005\u20107967(03)00005\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005653411471"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aut.2021.0017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08020320"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583\u2010019\u20100178\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","volume-title":"Handbook for the IPAT Anxiety Scale","author":"Cattell R. 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