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Parent\u2013Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is a caregiver\u2010mediated intervention utilizing in\u00a0vivo caregiver coaching that reduces disruptive behaviors and has been shown to be effective for young autistic children. This study sought to identify child and caregiver factors that relate to session\u2010level progress among autistic children and their caregivers. Participants included 98 autistic children aged 2\u20138\u2009years (91% male) who received PCIT in a university\u2010affiliated clinic. Session\u2010level change was examined using iterative multilevel modeling to examine change in child disruptive behaviors, as measured on the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI), caregiver positive attending skills (Do\u2010skills), and caregiver negative statements (Avoid\u2010skills). Optimal fitting trajectories revealed quadratic change in ECBI scores, Do\u2010skills, and Avoid\u2010skills. The effectiveness of PCIT did not differ based on participants' level of autistic traits or caregiver demographics. Improvements in child disruptive behavior were associated with child adaptability and parenting stress pre\u2010treatment; higher adaptability and lower stress were related to faster declines in child disruptive behavior. Caregivers exhibited slower rates of change in Do\u2010skills when they had lower rates of homework completion, and when their child had lower social responsiveness, and challenges with adaptability and externalizing problems. These findings may help clinicians tailor what factors to emphasize and monitor over the course of PCIT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.70260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T05:45:16Z","timestamp":1778737516000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Change Trajectories During Parent\u2013Child Interaction Therapy for Autistic Children and Their Caregivers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2812-3953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine A.","family":"Burrows","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1739-9041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William Andrew","family":"Rothenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2875-9206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dainelys","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2032-0064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigail","family":"Peskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6453-6002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Jimenez\u2010Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3814-3619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eileen","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6432-6788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason F.","family":"Jent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6878-0133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meaghan V.","family":"Parlad\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Miami  Coral Gables Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","volume-title":"Parenting Stress Index","author":"Abidin R. 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