{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:08:46Z","timestamp":1790168926838,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785024000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet conventional single\u2010night polysomnography (PSG) provides limited insight into dynamic sleep regulatory processes. Using the Synaptic Homeostasis Hypothesis as a conceptual framework, we quantified night\u2010to\u2010night changes (\u0394; Night 2\u2009\u2212\u2009Night 1) in sleep architecture across two consecutive nights of home\u2010based PSG and examined their association with ASD symptom severity. Seventy\u2010nine children with ASD, stratified into mild ASD (M\u2010ASD,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200935) and moderate\u2010to\u2010severe ASD (MS\u2010ASD,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200944) subgroups using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, and 30 typically developing controls (TDC) participated. Overall sleep\u2010continuity changes were broadly comparable between ASD and TDC groups. However, sleep\u2010architecture \u0394 measures showed a severity\u2010related pattern: the M\u2010ASD subgroup exhibited an overnight increase in rapid eye movement sleep percentage (\u0394REM%\u2009=\u2009+2.6%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.002), whereas the MS\u2010ASD subgroup showed no significant change (\u0394REM%\u2009=\u2009\u22120.1%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.922). An adjusted pairwise comparison indicated a greater \u0394REM% increase in M\u2010ASD than in MS\u2010ASD (adjusted mean difference\u2009=\u20093.4%, 95% CI: 1.2 to 5.6; Bonferroni\u2010corrected\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.009). A similar exploratory difference was observed for NREM1%. \u0394REM% was modestly and negatively associated with ASD symptom severity in correlation analysis (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009\u22120.234,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.038) and age\u2010 and gender\u2010adjusted regression analysis (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009\u22120.286,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.016). Sensitivity analyses showed broadly consistent patterns, although severity\u2010stratified overall effects were attenuated after FDR correction. These findings support further investigation of PSG\u2010derived dynamic sleep measures as hypothesis\u2010generating correlates of clinical heterogeneity in ASD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.70322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T01:53:50Z","timestamp":1785117230000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Night\u2010to\u2010Night Changes in\n                    <scp>REM<\/scp>\n                    Sleep Are Associated With Symptom Severity in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Two\u2010Night Home Polysomnography Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3888-0643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Jiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, Sleep Research Laboratory West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, Sleep Research Laboratory West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, Sleep Research Laboratory West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, Sleep Research Laboratory West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taomei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, Sleep Research Laboratory West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6876-3328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangdong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, Sleep Research Laboratory West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101357"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","volume-title":"The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications, Version 2.6","author":"Berry R. 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