{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T10:27:51Z","timestamp":1786616871579,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism Research"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Social pain sensitivity refers to the tendency to detect and react strongly to cues of social exclusion. Frequent social adversities and specific characteristics may make individuals with autism more sensitive to social pain, yet evidence remains inconsistent. To enhance our understanding, autistic adults aged \u2265\u200916\u2009years (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091425;\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200947.3, SD\u2009=\u200914.2) and allistic adults (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009187;\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200951.4, SD\u2009=\u200914.6) enrolled in the Netherlands Autism Register (NAR) completed the Social Pain Questionnaire (SPQ). A two\u2010way ANOVA demonstrated that autistic adults reported significantly higher social pain sensitivity than allistic adults, with a small effect size (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.02). Women reported higher social pain sensitivity than men across both groups (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.01), and this gender difference was comparable for autistic and allistic adults. Within the autistic group, in a subset of participants with complete data (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009234), a hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that social pain sensitivity was moderately associated with lower self\u2010esteem (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009\u22120.47), but not with cognitive empathy or sensory sensitivity. Exploratory analyses further indicated that self\u2010esteem fully accounted for the association between autism diagnosis and social pain sensitivity. Consistent with sociometer theory, these results suggest that heightened social pain sensitivity in autistic adults may reflect reduced perceived social acceptance. Our findings highlight the relevance of social adversities for autistic adults and underscore the need for supports that strengthen belonging and reduce socially painful experiences.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.70345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T09:34:26Z","timestamp":1786613666000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Social Pain Sensitivity in Autistic Adults: Associations With Gender, Self\u2010Esteem, Cognitive Empathy, and Sensory Sensitivity"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1699-0579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvin","family":"van Asselt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerhese Flevoland GGz Centraal  Almere the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvette","family":"Roke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerhese Flevoland GGz Centraal  Almere the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0572-6893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sander","family":"Begeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7530-3354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anke","family":"Scheeren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Public Health Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/19485506231225993"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.2015.1071767"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010019\u201004180\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1252277"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428\u2010017\u20100918\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010023\u201005903\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.55.1.75"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010017\u20103342\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsp.2297"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534582304267187"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Rejection Sensitivity Dysphoria in Attention\u2010Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Case Series","volume":"7","author":"Dodson W. W.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Scientific Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15263"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u20103514.70.6.1327"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2016.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00332941221125771"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920\u2010014\u20100443\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","volume-title":"Sensory Profile","author":"Dunn W.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3231"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.01.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/pr9.0000000000000861"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361317696043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40489\u2010023\u201000364\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4534712\/v1","volume-title":"A Twelve\u2010Country Population\u2010Based Psychometric Validation Study of the Arabic Version of the Social Pain Questionnaire (SPQ)","author":"Fekih\u2010Romdhane F.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010025\u201090597\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36148\/2284\u20100249\u2010466"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.20283"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/pb\u201048\u20101\u201025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2006.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40489\u2010025\u201000504\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsp.392"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010015\u20102448\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010024\u201059532\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010010\u20101073\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361319864804"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0140525x18001826"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/qcf4k_v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361317709603"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579423000123"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.32381\/JPR.2024.19.01.11","article-title":"Low Self\u2010Esteem, Autism, and Co\u2010Occurring Symptoms: A Comprehensive Narrative Review","volume":"19","author":"Khan Z.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosocial Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs14020088"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Advances in Experimental Social Psychology","author":"Leary M. R.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1411697"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14880"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572\u2010019\u20100138\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23242"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s1138741600006727"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mhpa.2021.100413"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aut.2023.0034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2005.19.6.641"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09687599.2012.710008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/1015\u20105759\/a000782"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00913"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsq002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13049\/kfwa.2020.25.4.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010020\u201004393\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aut.2022.0062"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2023.112461"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010012\u20101608\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u20106494.2009.00611.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-51890-5_32","volume-title":"The Neural Basis of Mentalizing","author":"Sahi R. S.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","volume-title":"Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation Models: Tests of Significance and Descriptive Goodness\u2010of\u2010Fit Measures","author":"Schermelleh\u2010Engel K.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361318794930"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010015\u20102669\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1372229"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010clinpsy\u2010032816\u2010045159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010021\u201087351\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006\u20103223(02)01333\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2022.104210"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.07.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361317701269"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380221093689"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23969415221147430"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17581869.2025.2508680"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.2024.2340633"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/27546330261441753"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13623613251376893"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010019\u201003918\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361320942085"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.856084"}],"container-title":["Autism Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aur.70345","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/aur.70345","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aur.70345","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T09:34:31Z","timestamp":1786613671000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aur.70345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"references-count":85,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aur.70345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aur.70345","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-3792","1939-3806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-3792","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-3806","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70345"}}