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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) represents a promising approach to modulate maladaptive plasticity associated with ASD; however, mechanistic evidence from preclinical models remains limited. Here, we investigated whether repeated anodal tDCS targeting the medial prefrontal cortex modulates ASD\u2010relevant social behavioral deficits in a rodent model. Male\n                    <jats:italic>Tsc2<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>+\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    rats with induced developmental status epilepticus (DSE) and wild\u2010type (WT) littermate controls received repeated anodal tDCS (200\u2009\u03bcA for 20\u2009min, twice daily) for 12 consecutive days. Social behavior profiles were evaluated at baseline and at 2\u2010 and 5\u2009weeks following treatment. In addition, postmortem analyses investigated neuroplasticity\u2010related markers and monoaminergic neurotransmitter levels. tDCS selectively modulated social behavioral deficits in\n                    <jats:italic>Tsc2<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>+\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    DSE rats. Specifically, tDCS in\n                    <jats:italic>Tsc2<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>+\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    DSE rats caused a sustained reduction in social avoidance and transient improvements in social exploration, while social approach behavior improved but did not return to WT levels, and social recognition impairments remained unaffected. In addition, tDCS restored abnormal serotonin levels in brain regions involved in social behavior, suggesting a potential contribution of serotonergic mechanisms to the observed behavioral effects. Our results demonstrate that improvements in some domains of ASD\u2010relevant social deficits following tDCS persist for weeks beyond the stimulation period, possibly through neuroplastic modulation of serotonergic neurotransmission. Together, these results provide mechanistic insights into how noninvasive brain stimulation may modulate specific components of social dysfunction and highlight the importance of considering the multidimensional nature of ASD\u2010related behaviors when evaluating therapeutic interventions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.70368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T01:56:34Z","timestamp":1788918994000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves Social Behavior Alongside Neuroplastic Changes in a\n                    <i>Tsc2<\/i>\n                    <sup>\n                      <i>+\/\u2212<\/i>\n                    <\/sup>\n                    Rat Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8215-8692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonia","family":"Ramme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1275-2942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Jarzebska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatih","family":"\u00d6gel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marten Julian","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7029-7936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iveta","family":"Vojtechova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Mental Health  Klecany Czechia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3793-8364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomas","family":"Petrasek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Mental Health  Klecany Czechia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5338-2765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Waltereit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Medical Centre  G\u00f6ttingen Germany"},{"name":"Ruhr University Bochum  Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3188-8431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadine","family":"Bernhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 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