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PC12 cells were pretreated with SAL in different concentrations and then exposed to MPP<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>. To evaluate the effects of SAL on cytotoxicity, the survival rate was tested by the 3\u2010(4,5\u2010dimethylthiazol\u20102\u2010yl)\u20102,5\u2010dimethyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the apoptosis was tested via flow cytometry and Western blot. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected to analyze the effects of SAL on oxidative stress. The mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory factors TNF\u2010\u03b1 and IL\u20101\u03b2 were also determined by real\u2010time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Pretreatment with SAL effectively relieved the MPP<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cytotoxic effects and decreased the release of ROS production and inflammatory cytokines. SAL also inhibited apoptosis, suppressed MDA activity, and increased GSH levels in MPP<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010treated PC12 cells. Moreover, the expression levels of caspase\u20109, caspase\u20103, and Bax were significantly decreased in the SAL treatment groups compared with the MPP<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> group, whereas Bcl\u20102 expression was significantly increased in the SAL treatment groups. In summary, the overall results suggested that SAL have neuroprotective effects on the MPP<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010induced PC12 cell model by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis. SAL may be a potential active product to protect against Parkinson's disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bab.1719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,13]],"date-time":"2018-12-13T15:07:23Z","timestamp":1544713643000},"page":"247-253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Salidroside protected against MPP<sup>+<\/sup>\u2010induced Parkinson's disease in PC12 cells by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2252-7981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine  Xianyang China"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Operation Room Xianyang IRICO Hospital  Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongjun","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine  Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxuan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine  Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuguang","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine  Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Combination of Acupuncture and Medicine Innovation Research Center Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine  Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine  Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuliang","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese and Western Medicine the Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine  Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebropathy the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine  Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyuan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine  Xianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maode","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"4134","volume":"8","author":"Li X. 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