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The mice were subjected to CUMS paradigm for 8 weeks. From the sixth week, the mice were intragastrically treated with DEO once daily for continuous 3 weeks. The behavior tests including sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), and open field test were conducted. Additionally, the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, TRAF6, p\u2010NF\u2010\u03baBp65, NLRP3, cleaved caspase\u20101, cleaved IL\u20101\u03b2, GluR, and PSD95 in hippocampus were detected by western blot. The concentrations of IL\u20106 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 in hippocampus were determined by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). The dendritic spine density was observed by Golgi\u2013Cox staining. As a result, the treatment with DEO relieved anhedonia in SPT, and reduced immobile duration in FST and TST. DEO treatment effectively attenuated the CUMS\u2010caused alterations of TLR4, MyD88, TRAF6, p\u2010NF\u2010\u03baBp65, NLRP3, cleaved caspase\u20101, cleaved IL\u20101\u03b2, GluR, and PSD95. Furthermore, DEO could reduce the hippocampal inflammatory cytokine content and increase the density of dendritic spine. In conclusion, the present work indicated that DEO exhibited antidepressant effect on CUMS\u2010induced depressive mice, which was possible due to the TLR4\/NF\u2010\u03baB\/NLRP3 pathway and the amelioration of dendritic spine density through GluR\/PSD95 cascade.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bab.1893","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]],"date-time":"2020-01-27T11:22:34Z","timestamp":1580124154000},"page":"52-59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The effect of deoxyschizandrin on chronic unpredictable mild stress\u2013induced depression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Xinfei","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7109-7848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinao","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2017.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"3097","volume":"8","author":"Yao L.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. 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