{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:06:47Z","timestamp":1790892407560,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biotech and App Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The interest in bioactives especially from botanicals to treat vancomycin\u2010resistant enterococcal (VRE) infections is increased. Many species of <jats:italic>Ocimum<\/jats:italic> have a long history in folk medicinal and food industries. Nevertheless, their bioactive compounds remain unexplored. This study is aimed to assess the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of basil leaf extract prepared using ethanol, methanol, and water. The ethanol and methanol extract have all the phytochemicals (alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, saponins, quinones, carbohydrates, and proteins) except steroids and terpenoids. In addition to steroids and terpenoids, tannin was also absent in the aqueous extract. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was high in ethanol and followed by methanol and aqueous extract. Similarly, ethanol and methanol extract showed strong antimicrobial activity against VRE and MTCC strains at a concentration of 20\u00a0mg\/mL than aqueous extract. Among the 10 indicators, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> is highly susceptible to ethanol extract at a concentration of 8\u00a0mg\/mL and followed by other MTCC strains. Vancomycin\u2010resistant enterococci pathogens were inhibited at the minimum inhibitory concentration of 14, 16, and 20\u00a0mg\/mL of ethanol, methanol, and aqueous extract. Further, on the basis of determining the absorbing material (nucleic acid and protein) at 260\u00a0nm and scanning electron microscopic, it was confirmed that the loss of cell membrane integrity and cell membrane damage were the effective mechanisms of plant extract antimicrobial activity. All three solvents have shown remarkable antioxidant activity. Gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry analysis of basil leaves ethanol extract identified 19 compounds with various therapeutic and food applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bab.2508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T07:53:24Z","timestamp":1693209204000},"page":"2038-2051","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Analysis of the main bioactive compounds from <i>Ocimum basilicum<\/i> for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Arockia Doss Susai","family":"Backiam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Vivekanandha College of Arts and Science for Women (Autonomous)  Tiruchengode Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senbagam","family":"Duraisamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chengalpattu Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5178-8040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Palaniyandi","family":"Karuppaiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Biotechnology Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senthilkumar","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aswathy","family":"Sathyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Biotechnology Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anbarasu","family":"Kumarasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Biotechnology Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amutha","family":"Raju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Periyar University Centre for Post Graduate and Research Studies  Dharmapuri Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/24.supplement_1.s17"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.174099"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2014.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf035145e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217\u2010003\u20100708\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2015.1088551"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2005.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-812475-8.00002-0","volume-title":"Medical plants for holistic health and well\u2010being. 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