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This study investigates G\u2010quadruplexes (G4s), which are non\u2010canonical secondary structures form in G\u2010rich regions within the <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> genome. Extensive research on G4s in eukaryotes has revealed their role in epigenetically regulating cellular processes like gene transcription, DNA replication, and oncogene expression. However, understanding of G4\u2010mediated gene regulation in other organisms, especially bacterial pathogens, remains limited. Although G4 motifs have been extensively studied in a few bacterial species such as <jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Streptococci<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>, research on G4 motifs in other bacterial species is still sparse. Like in other organisms such as archaea, mammals, and viruses, G4s in <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> display a non\u2010random distribution primarily situated within open reading frames of various protein\u2010coding genes. The occurrence of G4s in functional regions of the genome and their conservation across different species indicates that their placement is not random, suggesting an evolutionary pressure to maintain these sequences at specific genomic sites. Moreover, G\u2010quadruplexes show enrichment in specific gene classes, suggesting their potential involvement in regulating the expression of genes related to cell wall\/membrane\/envelope biogenesis, amino acid transport, and metabolism. This indicates a probable regulatory role for G4s in controlling the expression of genes essential for <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> survival and virulence. Biophysical techniques such as Circular Dichroism spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance were used to characterize G4 motifs within selected <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> genes. The study revealed that G\u2010quadruplex ligand inhibited the growth of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>, with minimal inhibitory concentrations in the low micromolar range. This suggests that targeting G4 structures could offer a promising approach for developing novel anti\u2010<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bab.2644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T09:54:43Z","timestamp":1721728483000},"page":"29-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Characterization of G\u2010quadruplexes in the <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> genome and assessment of therapeutic potential of G4 ligands"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Monika","family":"Kumari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Central University of Haryana  Mahendergarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saumya","family":"Jaiswal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of 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