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The study investigated the effects of apelin\u201013 on ox\u2010LDL\u2010induced endothelial dysfunction in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Cells were stimulated with ox\u2010LDL (100\u00a0mg\/L), either alone or in combination with apelin\u201013 at concentrations of 3 and 6\u00a0\u00b5M. Multiple techniques, including real\u2010time PCR, Western blot analysis, enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), cell attachment assays, and luciferase activity assays, were employed. Our results showed that ox\u2010LDL reduced the expression of the G\u2010protein\u2010coupled apelin receptor (APJ) in HAECs. However, treatment with apelin\u201013 reduced the expression of lectin\u2010like ox\u2010LDL receptor 1 (LOX\u20101) against ox\u2010LDL and inhibited the expression of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines in HAECs. Real\u2010time PCR and ELISA assay demonstrated that apelin\u201013 also inhibited the expression of cell adhesion molecules intercellular cell adhesion molecule\u20101 (ICAM\u20101) and E\u2010selectin. The calcein AM staining method displayed that apelin\u201013 mitigated ox\u2010LDL\u2010induced attachment of THP\u20101 monocytes to HAECs. Furthermore, apelin\u201013 prevented the reduction of growth factor independence\u20101 (Gfi1) and the activation of NF\u2010\u03baB in HAECs, as evidenced by the luciferase activity assay. Knockdown of Gfi1 counteracted the inhibitory effects of apelin\u201013 on the attachment of THP\u20101 monocytes to HAECs, suggesting that the protective effects of apelin\u201013 in endothelial dysfunction are mediated by the Gfi1\/ NF\u2010\u03baB signaling pathway. These findings suggest that apelin\u201013 may have therapeutic potential in preventing atherosclerosis by improving endothelial function and reducing inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bab.2746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T02:21:13Z","timestamp":1742782873000},"page":"1363-1373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Apelin\u201013 Inhibits the Adhesion of Monocytes to Endothelial Cells via the Gfi1\/NF\u2010\u03baB Signaling Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Yujuan","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Central South University, Xiangya School of Medicine  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Hunan Provincial Hospital of 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