{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:55:31Z","timestamp":1786118131625,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biotech and App Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The clinical efficacy of existing antibiotics is threatened by the emergence of multidrug\u2010resistant pathogens. In India, traditional herbal medicine has attracted much of the scientific interest and increasing continuously. This study evaluates the antimicrobial activity of crude plumbagin extract (CRPB) from\n                    <jats:italic>Plumbago auriculata<\/jats:italic>\n                    and standard plumbagin (PB) (which is a 98% pure compound from Sigma Aldrich, USA) against\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobactor<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and their MDR strains with disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). PB was extracted from leaves of\n                    <jats:italic>P. auriculata<\/jats:italic>\n                    and verified by spectrophotometric and high\u2010performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Standard PB showed the lowest MIC against\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC and its MDR strains B48 and F204 at 64\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL. Although\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC had an MIC at 128\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL, and it's MDR U1815, P1189 at 256\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL.\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC and its MDR showed a higher MIC at 128\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL. CRPB showed MIC against\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC (256\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL), B48 (256\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL), and F204 (512\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL).\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC,\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC and their MDR strains, and\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC and its MDR P290 were resistant at all the concentrations for CRPB. CRPB showed relatively specific antimicrobial activity, and naphthoquinone compound PB could be mainly responsible for its activity. In the disc diffusion assay, compared to standard streptomycin, CRPB exhibited good activity against\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC (31\u00a0mm) and MDR B48 (37\u00a0mm),\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    MDR P1189 (18\u00a0mm), and\n                    <jats:italic>Citrobactor<\/jats:italic>\n                    MDR F182 (22\u00a0mm). Growth of\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    was completely inhibited. PB can be developed as a potential drug candidate after further purification.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bab.70131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T05:51:44Z","timestamp":1770702704000},"page":"1770-1778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring Plumbagin as a Potential Phytochemical to Combat Multidrug Resistance in Bacterial Strains"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Deshpande","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant and Environmental Biotechnology Research Center Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, | Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth  Pune Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amol","family":"Phule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant and Environmental Biotechnology Research Center Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, | Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth  Pune Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arpita","family":"Lenka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant and Environmental Biotechnology Research Center Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, | Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth  Pune Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swarupa","family":"Hatolkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MrBiologist LLP Guwahati\u2010Pune, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minal","family":"Wani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant and Environmental Biotechnology Research Center Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, | Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth  Pune Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2020.02.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2004.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0694-82"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0074\u201002762003000700017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099\u20101573(199906)13:4<346::AID\u2010PTR444>3.0.CO;2\u2010D"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/med.20235"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life13061303"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2022.43.11.20220446"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010025\u201092435\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30071618"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Antibacterial Activity of Plumbagin and Root Extracts of Plumbago zeylanica L.","volume":"51","author":"Jeyachandran R.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Biologica Cracoviensia, Series Botanica"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"856","article-title":"An UV\u2010Visible Spectrophotometric Method for the Estimation of Plumbagin","volume":"2","author":"Israni S. A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of ChemTech Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"135","article-title":"Simultaneous Estimation of Plumbagin and Embelin by Reverse Phase\u2010High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method","volume":"1","author":"Gopinath S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Der Pharmacia Lettre"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378\u20108741(03)00111\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2003.09.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsim.2004.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/notesj\/gjv056"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Effect of Plumbagin, a Naphthoquinone of Plant Origin, on the Consumption and Post\u2010Ingestional Physiological Parameters of Food Utilization in Spodoptera litura (Fab) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)","volume":"2","author":"Sumathy N.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Global Journal of Applied Agricultural Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138955713804805256"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5423\/PPJ.2007.23.2.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a\u20102019\u20104985"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2002.02769.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2508(02)01377-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0297493"}],"container-title":["Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bab.70131","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/bab.70131","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bab.70131","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T15:08:06Z","timestamp":1786028886000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bab.70131"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bab.70131"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bab.70131","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-4513","1470-8744"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-4513","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-8744","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}