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While urine\u2010based genomic and proteomic biomarkers offer promising non\u2010invasive alternatives, their clinical implementation remains limited. This review synthesizes evidence from multicentric studies on urinary biomarkers for BC and evaluates their potential in reducing unnecessary invasive cystoscopies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive review of literature was conducted searching for multicentric studies on urine\u2010based genomic and proteomic biomarkers for BC detection and\/or surveillance. MEDLINE\/Pubmed, Embase and Scopus databases and BJUI, UroToday and European Urology Oncology registries were searched using National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms. Emphasis was placed on the comparative performance of diagnostic platforms across different research and clinical settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Findings and Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The literature search yielded 51 reports that were included for analysis. Multicentre studies enhance the generalizability of findings by addressing inter\u2010laboratory variability and population diversity. This review underscores the importance of standardization, comparative performance analyses that these studies provide, and the potential for cost\u2010effective non\u2010invasive diagnostic tools. However, despite FDA approvals, no biomarker has replaced cystoscopy in clinical settings due to an inconsistent and insufficient combination of sensitivity, specificity and cost\u2010effectiveness parameters. The performance of AssureMDX and Enhanced CxBladder tests showed the most promise, but further large\u2010scale, standardized validation is still necessary.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urine\u2010based biomarkers have the potential to improve early BC detection and surveillance while reducing reliance on invasive procedures and costs related to the disease. Future efforts should prioritize cost\u2010effective, large\u2010scale multicentric studies to facilitate the adoption of these biomarkers into routine practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bco2.70124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T07:40:51Z","timestamp":1766130051000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Urinary biomarkers in multicentric studies: Shaping the future of bladder cancer diagnosis and follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0126-8257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandrine","family":"Martel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke  Sherbrooke Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2974-4505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas","family":"Raue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Charit\u00e9  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4436-3981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrice Hodonou","family":"Avogbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4393-5933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Raisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke  Sherbrooke Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Jeldres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke  Sherbrooke Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0787-2763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thorsten","family":"Ecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Charit\u00e9  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Urology Helios Hospital  Bad Saarow Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Vian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Department Protestant Clinic of Lyon  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0862-7206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Ismail","family":"Hosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Dhaka  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0124-4878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Rabien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Charit\u00e9  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0063-5068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florence","family":"Le Calvez\u2010Kelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8882-8619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francois\u2010Michel","family":"Boisvert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke  Sherbrooke Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).IARC Monographs Evaluation of the Carcinogenicity of Automotive Gasoline and Some Oxygenated Gasoline Additives [Internet]. 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