{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T06:40:27Z","timestamp":1780468827466,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJUI Compass"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the prognostic performance of the Haematuria Cancer Risk Score (HCRS) for predicting muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) in patients presenting with haematuria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study analysed newly diagnosed urothelial carcinoma cases identified during haematuria evaluations between 2018 and 2023. Pathological staging was based on the highest grade or stage from TUR or re\u2010TUR specimens. HCRS was calculated using age, sex, haematuria type, and smoking status. The primary outcome was muscle\u2010invasive disease (\u2265T2). Associations were examined using univariate logistic regression, and discriminatory performance was evaluated with ROC analysis and bootstrap\u2010derived 95% confidence intervals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 162 patients, 45 (27.8%) had MIBC. The median HCRS was higher in patients with MIBC than in those with non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive disease (6.49 [6.08\u20136.96] vs. 6.16 [5.44\u20136.94];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04). Univariate analysis showed a significant association between HCRS and MIBC (odds ratio\u2009=\u20091.78; 95% CI 1.03\u20133.06;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.039). ROC analysis demonstrated limited discriminative performance (AUC\u2009=\u20090.60; 95% CI 0.53\u20130.67). At the Youden cut\u2010off of 6.04, sensitivity was 77.8% and specificity 48.3%. An integer threshold of HCRS \u22656 yielded comparable performance, supporting clinical applicability.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher HCRS values were modestly associated with muscle invasion, although predictive performance was limited. The HCRS may support risk stratification in haematuria pathways by flagging patients at higher risk of muscle invasion\u2014particularly when interpreted together with cystoscopy and imaging findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bco2.70125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T09:10:08Z","timestamp":1764753008000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Haematuria cancer risk score as a predictor of muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4894-4441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serdar","family":"Turan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Taksim Training and Research Hospital  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cem Tugrul","family":"Gezmis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Taksim Training and Research Hospital  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nusret Can","family":"Cilesiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Taksim Training and Research Hospital  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Uzut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Taksim Training and Research Hospital  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Sat\u0131lm\u0131soglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6262-9582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rifat Burak","family":"Ergul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Istanbul University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa Bahad\u0131r Can","family":"Balc\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Taksim Training and Research Hospital  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.17601"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2021.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2012.32"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.0739"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.09.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12868"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euo.2024.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-024-01332-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2017.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.13345"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000004490"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2022.03.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-025-00658-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci8010015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2025.08.031"}],"container-title":["BJUI 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