{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T06:22:46Z","timestamp":1791699766469,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJUI Compass"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to study the clinical features, pathological findings, and outcomes of BK virus\u2010associated urothelial carcinoma (UC) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was conducted in a retrospective cohort of KTRs with histologically confirmed UC managed at a UK supra\u2010regional transplant urology centre from November 2006 to January 2026. BK virus status was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, and tumour samples were assessed for SV40 large T antigen. Patients were stratified by BKV and SV40 status to enable comparison of tumour grade, stage, and other clinicopathological features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      24 KTRs met the inclusion criteria; 11 of whom were BKV+. The mean follow\u2010up time post\u2010UC diagnosis was 7.3\u00a06.1\u00a0years. Mean age at UC diagnosis was 59.9\u00a0\u00a014.6\u00a0years. 90.9% of BKV+ patients had high\u2010risk UC compared to 30.8% of the BKV\u2212 group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005). Tumour grade at diagnosis was higher in BKV+ patients (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013). SV40 Large T antigen was detected in 33.3% of cases, all with a previous history of BKV infection. These tumours were all high grade (G3) and had tended to be a higher stage at diagnosis than SV40\u2212 tumours (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.050). UC in BKV+ patients was not diagnosed earlier post\u2010transplant (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.616). There was no difference in survival probability between the two cohorts (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.639).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BKV infection in KTRs was associated with aggressive, high\u2010grade UC. Screening and timely adjustment of immunosuppression are essential to protect this at\u2010risk population. Further studies are required to clarify the oncogenic potential of BKV and optimise management strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bco2.70183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T09:26:28Z","timestamp":1773307588000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["BK virus\u2010associated urothelial carcinoma\u2014A supra\u2010regional cohort of kidney transplant recipients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2155-2716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noah","family":"Beetge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GKT School of Medical Education  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1828-2117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy's 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