{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T04:20:02Z","timestamp":1787718002874,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJUI Compass"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to evaluate the safety of transperineal prostate biopsy performed with continued antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies under caudal anaesthesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 620 consecutive patients who underwent transperineal ultrasound\u2010guided prostate biopsy at a tertiary care centre in Japan from March 2023 to June 2025 were retrospectively analysed. Antithrombotic agents were continued according to institutional policy, and all procedures were performed under caudal anaesthesia. Patients were categorised into a no\u2010antithrombotic therapy group (NA group,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009474) and an antithrombotic therapy group (AP\/AC group,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009146). The primary endpoint was any Clavien\u2013Dindo grade I or higher haemorrhagic complications. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Haemorrhagic events occurred in 8.9% and 11.7% of patients in the NA and AP\/AC groups, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.33). Clinically significant haemorrhage (Clavien\u2013Dindo grade II or higher) was rare (1.1% vs. 2.1%), and only one grade III event occurred in the AP\/AC group. None of the patients required blood transfusion, and no sacral hematomas, neurological deficits or thromboembolic events were observed. Multivariate analysis adjusted for prostate\u2010specific antigen level, platelet count, prostate volume and number of biopsy cores revealed that antithrombotic therapy was not independently associated with haemorrhagic complications (odds ratio: 1.14; 95% confidence interval: 0.60\u20132.08).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Continuation of antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy during transperineal prostate biopsy under caudal anaesthesia was not associated with a clear increase in clinically relevant haemorrhagic complications, and no anaesthesia\u2010related complications were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bco2.70260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T10:13:37Z","timestamp":1785838417000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Haemorrhagic risk of transperineal ultrasound\u2010guided prostate biopsy performed under continued antithrombotic therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Naoki","family":"Akagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuki","family":"Kinoshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoki","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kobe City 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